The Sources of Patriotism: Survey and Experimental Evidence

Nincic, Miroslav; Ramos, Jennifer M.

doi:10.1111/j.1743-8594.2011.00175.x

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The respondents' demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status are included as control variables as they are considered able to influence public attitudes by existing studies [24,50]. Specifically, we control for people's age, gender (1 = male and 0 = female), and race (1 = whites and 0 = other races) as demographic characteristics, and people's household annual income, education, and employment status as indicators of socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Nationalism Rising in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Individual-Level Evidence from the United States

Shen

2020

J OF CHIN POLIT SCI

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Following the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, analysts have noted a global rise of nationalism as countries have engaged in a number of nationalist moves in response to the pandemic. However, the implication of policy changes at the individual-level remains unclear: do citizens support those nationalist government responses? More importantly, do people tend to be more nationalistic following the outbreak? Building on terror management theory (TMT), this article examines whether and how ideological beliefs affect individuals' support for nationalist policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to TMT, to cope with death anxiety, people are predisposed to ideological defense, resulting in cohesion with individuals who validate their beliefs and hostility toward those who threaten them. Thus, we argue that when states' nationalist policies are aligned with their ideology, people tend to support them; yet, when states' nationalist policies contradict their ideology, people tend to withdraw their support. Specifically, this study found that as non-conservatives (compared to conservatives) are more concerned with the virus, they are more likely to show an inclination of ideological validation. Given that their ideology advocates more tolerance, nonconservatives are less likely to support nationalistic policies. To test the hypotheses, we applied structural equation modeling to a March 2020 CNN Poll (nationally representative US data about COVID-19). The statistical analysis demonstrated strong support for our arguments.

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Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Nationalism Rising in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Individual-Level Evidence from the United States

Shen

2020

J OF CHIN POLIT SCI

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“…Previous studies show that group criticism from insiders is better tolerated, but not when the group perceives itself as being under threat [ 11 ]. Blind patriotism, a strong form of uncritical attachment to one’s nation, “whether right or wrong,” tends to increase the perceived external threat, which is unrelated to the real threat [ 12 – 14 ]. In the case of the Wuhan Diary , although Fang Fang is a respectable insider, a majority of our respondents worried that the book could be used by “anti-China forces”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the Wuhan Diary –how does the overseas Chinese community react to group criticism?

Wang

Rieger

2022

J OF CHIN POLIT SCI

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We conduct an online survey to explore how Chinese people living in Germany perceive and react to group criticism in the context of the debate on the Wuhan Diary, a chronicle about life during the lockdown in Wuhan. We find that the majority rating of the book is a lukewarm “neither like nor dislike.” Most participants are open to criticism in principle and do not agree that the book only spreads so-called “negative-energy”. However, many participants were skeptical about the objectivity of the book and concerned about its potential use by so-called anti-China forces, even though the degree of blind patriotism is relatively low in our sample. The factors influencing the book’s evaluation are intriguing: perceived Western sentiment, media exposure and uncritical patriotism all affect COVID-19-related conspiracy beliefs, which in turn lead to a more negative evaluation of the book. A cluster analysis reveals two groups which differ in terms of properties like blind patriotism, belief in certain conspiracies, and also demographic parameters. Our results shed light on identity politics, motivated beliefs, and collective narcissism.

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“…See alsoSchatz, Staub, and Lavine (1999) on "blind" versus "constructive" patriotism, andNincic and Ramos (2012) on "uncritical" versus "critical" patriotism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Decomposing Audience Costs: Bringing the Audience Back into Audience Cost Theory

Kertzer

Brutger

2015

American J Political Sci

175

165

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According to a growing tradition in International Relations, one way governments can credibly signal their intentions in foreign policy crises is by creating domestic audience costs: leaders can tie their hands by publicly threatening to use force since domestic publics punish leaders who say one thing and do another. We argue here that there are actually two logics of audience costs: audiences can punish leaders both for being inconsistent (the traditional audience cost), and for threatening to use force in the first place (a belligerence cost). We employ an experiment that disentangles these two rationales, and turn to a series of dispositional characteristics from political psychology to bring the audience into audience cost theory. Our results suggest that traditional audience cost experiments may overestimate how much people care about inconsistency, and that the logic of audience costs (and the implications for crisis bargaining) varies considerably with the leader's constituency.

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The Sources of Patriotism: Survey and Experimental Evidence

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Is Nationalism Rising in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Individual-Level Evidence from the United States

Is Nationalism Rising in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Individual-Level Evidence from the United States

COVID-19 and the Wuhan Diary –how does the overseas Chinese community react to group criticism?

Decomposing Audience Costs: Bringing the Audience Back into Audience Cost Theory

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