The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Geo-Economic Relationships between China and ASEAN Countries: Competition or Cooperation?

Wang, Shufang; Zhu, A‐Xing; Ge, Yuejing; Liu, Yuli; Xue, Xiao

doi:10.3390/su9061064

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Most research on geopolitical relations adopts qualitative methods, whereas geo-economic relations are often studied quantitatively, using techniques such as social network analysis (Wang and Liu, 2020), the Euclidean distance model (Wang et al, 2017), and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (Song et al, 2017). However, these studies tend to be event based, thematic, and disjointed.…”

Section: Land-use Homogeneity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal characteristics and the national variations of borderland use change in Laos within the geopolinomical context

Wang,

Xiao

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Laos, the only landlocked country in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), has established over 40 geopolinomical mechanisms with its neighboring countries (including China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar), leading to significant land-use change (LUC) in the border areas. However, the spatial characteristics and national differences of LUC in the border areas of Laos remain unknown. Through the use of land-use products from 1985 to 2020 and by employing GIS spatial analysis, the results indicate that (1) LUC along the Laos border has led to severe and extensive deforestation, primarily attributed to the rapid expansion of construction land and the consistent growth of cropland. (2) With strengthened border cooperation, differences between LUC in Laos and its neighboring countries have decreased since 1985. (3) Cropland and construction land on the Laos–China and Laos–Thailand borders show obvious bordering characteristics, with increasing land-use homogeneity in near-border areas. In contrast, the Laos–Vietnam, Laos–Cambodia, and Laos–Myanmar borders display the opposite trend. (4) Port areas (e.g., Boten–Mohan port) driven by geopolinomical relations have drastic LUC, but they have huge differences. This study provides a database for quantitative research on the interaction between geopolinomical relations and border LUC to promote border geography, including impact and response.

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Section: Land-use Homogeneity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal characteristics and the national variations of borderland use change in Laos within the geopolinomical context

Wang,

Xiao

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…However, studies measuring geopolitical influence have yet to cover the East Asia region to explain East Asia's regional order. The existing studies on geopolitical influence have focused on South Asia (Shidore and Busby, 2019; Wang et al, 2015) and Southeast Asian sub-regions (Qin et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Geopolitical Influence on Regional Cooperation and Integration in East Asia

Hartono

2021

Asian Journal of Comparative Politics

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Recent developments in regional studies argue that geopolitical influence is one factor affecting the regional order. However, studies on geopolitical influence have yet to cover East Asia to explain East Asia's regional order. The quantitative approach to geopolitical influence studies still faces a methodological challenge because it uses an arbitrary weighting of geopolitical influence in developing an index. In order to address those challenges, this research deploys factor analysis as a non-arbitrary weighting system to measure the geopolitical influence of China, Japan, Russia, and the US in East Asia during the period from 2005 to 2018. Additionally, this research explores how the geopolitical influence of those countries affects East Asia's regional cooperation and integration. The research shows that: (1) China has been able to compete with the US for geopolitical influence in East Asia since 2014, and (2) Chinese, Japanese, Russian, and US geopolitical influence positively contributes to regional cooperation and integration in East Asia, with the US and China as the main contributors. The research highlights three possible causes to explain the results: China's regional infrastructure initiatives, rejuvenation of China's view on globalization, and the relative decline of US relations with the allies in the region.

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“…Geoeconomics has been developed recently, and the current studies pay attention to exploring the origin and evolution, defining concepts, developing connotations and discussing paradigms, and probe into research orientation and content combined with case studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Most studies are principally based on qualitative analysis, and quantitative methods [23][24][25] are few. The interaction between economic relations and political relations is one of the main research topics of geoeconomics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up

et al. 2019

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The rise of China has had a profound impact on the world and regional political and economic pattern since the reform and opening-up. This paper studies the impact of China’s development on the evolution of the surrounding geo-pattern from the perspective of geoeconomics. Based on the sensitivity and vulnerability of asymmetric interdependence, trade and investment indicators are selected to construct a quantitative model to measure the relative economic dependence between China and neighboring countries. This paper analyzes the degree, types and trends of relative economic dependence and the relationship between economic interdependence and political relations, and investigates the surrounding geoeconomic cooperation. The results are shown as follows: (1) Since 2010, all neighboring countries have had relative economic dependence on China. China’s geoeconomic position in the surrounding area has radically transformed. (2) Since the reform and opening-up, the relative economic dependence of neighboring countries on China has been rising, from negative to positive and from low to high. After 2003, the types of relative economic dependence have gradually shifted from dual low and trade-compensative dependence to dual high and trade-oriented dependence. (3) Trade was the dominant factor in the relative economic dependence of most neighboring countries on China, and it was also the main factor contributing to China’s economic advantages over great powers in the neighborhood. The majority of neighboring countries’ investment dependence on China increased faster than their trade dependence, and the growth of their relative economic dependence will gradually turn to investment in the future. (4) The improvement of political relations between China and neighboring countries provides a foundation for the development of economic relations, and economic relations have the “inertia” of resisting political risks. The deepening of economic ties is conducive to friendly and stable political relations. (5) China’s peripheral geoeconomic strategy focuses on cooperation rather than competition. One of the goals of geoeconomics is the pursuit of joint economic benefits.

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The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Geo-Economic Relationships between China and ASEAN Countries: Competition or Cooperation?

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Spatiotemporal characteristics and the national variations of borderland use change in Laos within the geopolinomical context

Spatiotemporal characteristics and the national variations of borderland use change in Laos within the geopolinomical context

The Impact of Geopolitical Influence on Regional Cooperation and Integration in East Asia

The Spatial Evolution of Geoeconomic Pattern among China and Neighboring Countries since the Reform and Opening-Up

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