The Species of Gibbons in Thailand

Family Formation Strategies of Kloss’s Gibbons

“…1979Raemaekers. 1979] and numerous incidental observations by others [McCann, 1933;McClure, 1964;Kawabe, 1970;Koyama, 1971;Marshall et al, 1973;Marshall and Marshall. 1976;MacKinnon, 1977;Rodman, 1973;Tilson, 1979], the social dynamics of gibbon reproduction are not well documented.…”

Inheritance of Song Parameters in the Gibbon Song, Analysed in 2 Hybrid Gibbons (Hylobates pileatus × H. lar)

“…1981;Marshall ct al., 1972;Marshall and Marshall, 1976;Schropel, 1977;Tembrock, 1974;for II. pileatus: Brockelman, 1975;Geissmann, 1983; Hai mofT, in press a; Marler and Tenaz.a, 1977;Marshall et al, 1972;Marshall and Marshall, 1976], Since the following study is based on the very limited material of one song of a male and a female hybrid, the complete span of variation cannot be described, nor can state ments about the songs' structure be conclu sively generalized. However, it can be shown for the first time whether some of the song characteristics passed on from parent to hy brid are based on genetic or learned processes (where the latter implies learning from the parents).…”

“…Their conspicuous vocalizations, mainly uttered at specifically established times of day, probably play an important role in territorial behaviour, and possibly also in the maintenance of pair and family bonds [for a list of references see Geissmann, 1983]. Among most gibbon spe cies, mates vocalize together in a relatively rigid pattern, and at least in part, with a sexspecific repertoire so that a so-called duet evolves [Deputte, 1982;Dcputte and Leclerc-Cassan, 1981;Geissmann, 1983;Git tins, 1978a;Goustard, 1979aGoustard, , b, 1980Goustard, , 1982aHaimoff, 1981Haimoff, , 1984Lamprecht, 1970;Marler and Tenaza, 1977;Marshall, 1981;Marshall et al" 1972;Marshall and Marshall, 1976;Schilling. 1980;Schropel, 1977;Tembrock, 1962Tembrock, , 1964Tembrock, , 1974Ziegler and Knobloch, 1968], All gibbon songs show a similarly determined sequential structure [HaimofT, in press a; HaimolT et al, 1982].…”

“…lar, have been re peatedly bom in captivity and have become the object of scientific studies [Ibscher, 1964[Ibscher, , 1967Meyer-Holzapfel, 1950;Steiner, 1949], Backcrosses have also been reported [e.g. Groves, 1972], The distribution of both parental species overlaps slightly in the area of Khao Yai National Park in north east Thailand, about 200 km northeast of Bangkok [Marshall et al, 1972]. There, sev eral mixed pairs and hybrids were observed [Brockelman, 1978].…”

Statistical Discrimination among Vocalizations of Individual Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus )

“…The best evidence that information is transmitted between individuals comes from studies of duetting in birds [Thorpe and North, 1965;Thorpe, 1972;Diamond and Terborgh, 1968] and antiphonal calling in langurs, gibbons, and titi monkeys [Tilson and Tenaza, 1976;Carpenter, 1964;Marshall et al" 1973;Robin son, 1979], where acoustic and/or timing features used by the first vocalizer are incorporated into the song or other vocal 'response' of the second. Because most anthropoid primates are social animals that utter a variety of vocalizations in many different contexts, analysis of vocal sequences may improve our understanding of mechanisms for maintaining social struc tures within and between primate groups.…”