The specific substance from <i>Pneumococcus</i> type 34(41). The structure of a phosphorus-free repeating unit

Roberts, W.; Buchanan, J. G.; Baddiley, J.

doi:10.1042/bj0880001

Cited by 54 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…With an increased number of data points (2,048) and by folding of these single-quantum spectra, the useful resolution was improved to approximately 3 Hz, approaching the natural 13 C line width. A second hybrid pulse sequence, HSQC-NOESY, also recorded at high digital resolution in 13 C, was especially valuable for correlating C-5 of ␤-Gal pyranoside (␤-Galp) with H-1 and H-4. Heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectra were used for identifying linkage positions and assignments of residues.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectra were used for identifying linkage positions and assignments of residues. A variation of this sequence in which the 13 C carrier was placed in the region of the carbonyl 13 C (175 ppm) was used for reliable correlation of acetyl and amide methyl groups with proton resonances in the sugar ring. All NMR data were processed by using NMRpipe and NMRDraw (NMRScience), with analysis using NMRview (One Moon Scientific) and Sparky software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While we did not include analysis of the absolute configuration of the residues, it is clear from the homologies between the genes for the glycosyl transferases of CPS39 and the serogroup 10 and 34 CPSs that the residues are all the common D configuration. The presence of six sugar residues in the repeating subunit of both native CPS39 and de-O-acetylated CPS39 was suggested by six resonances in the anomeric region (from 100 to 110 ppm in 13 C and 4.4 to 5.2 ppm in 1 H) of multiplicity-edited HSQC spectra (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material).…”

Section: Structure Of Cps39mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative structural studies of these RPS and CPS serotypes (9,10) have now been extended to genetically related S. pneumoniae CPS34, CPS39, and CPS47F. Previous structural studies of these polysaccharides are limited to the chemical characterization of CPS34 (11)(12)(13)(14). Confirmation of the CPS34 structure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the determination of the CPS39 and CPS47F structures in the present study have allowed unambiguous association of the structure-determining genes in the cps loci of these serotypes with specific steps in polysaccharide biosynthesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pneumoniae serotypes were separated into eight genetic groups by cluster analysis of their cps loci (7). One of these groups (i.e., genetic cluster 4) included 23 serotypes, namely, the 15 serotypes that comprise CPS serogroups 10, 33, 35, and 47 and individual serotypes 13,20,29,34,36,39,42, and 43. Our interest in this group arose from the finding that certain so-called receptor polysaccharides (RPS) of Streptococcus oralis, an oral commensal, are closely related to S. pneumoniae CPS10F and other members of CPS serogroup 10 (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Structures of Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide Type 39 (CPS39), CPS47F, and CPS34 Characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Their Relation to CPS10A

Bush

Yang

Yu³

et al. 2014

J Bacteriol

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c Structural characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides (CPS) is a prerequisite for unraveling both antigenic and genetic relationships that exist between different serotypes. In the current study, comparative structural studies of S. pneumoniae CPS serogroup 10 (CPS10) were extended to include genetically related S. pneumoniae CPS34, CPS39, and CPS47F. High-resolution heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed the published structure of CPS34 and, in conjunction with glycosyl composition analyses, revealed the following repeat unit structures of the other serotypes, which have not been previously characterized:Common and unique structural features of these polysaccharides, including different positions of O-acetylation, were unambiguously associated with specific genes in each corresponding cps locus. The only exception involved the gene designated wcrC, which is associated with the ␣1-2 transfer of Gal pyranoside (Galp) to ribitol-5-phosphate in the synthesis of CPS10A, CPS47F, and CPS34 but with ␣1-1 transfer of Gal to ribitol-5-phosphate in the synthesis of CPS39. The corresponding gene in the cps39 locus, although related to wcrC, more closely resembled a previously identified gene (i.e., wefM) of Streptococcus oralis that is associated with ␣1-1 transfer of Galp to ribitol-5-phosphate. These and other recent findings identify linkages from ␣-Galp to ribitol-5-phosphate and from this residue to adjacent Gal furanoside (Galf) as important sites of CPS structural and genetic diversity. Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides (CPS) are of interest both as virulence factors and as protective immunogens for serotype-specific prevention of invasive disease. Currently recommended CPS-based vaccines include the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults and the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for children. Monitoring the efficacy of these vaccines requires ongoing surveillance of invasive pneumococcal serotypes (1). The traditional method for serotyping these bacteria is the Neufeld-Quellung test, which detects apparent swelling of bacterial capsules in the presence of factor antisera (2). Such determinations, although reliable, require training, experience, and specialized immunological reagents and, thus, are not amenable to widespread use. Molecular methods for serotyping these bacteria have also been described and are being developed that target genes for CPS biosynthesis in large operons (cps loci) located between dexB and aliA (3, 4). Sequencing of this region in reference strains of 88 S. pneumoniae serotypes revealed 1,502 genes, each defined by a different protein homology group (5). These include 430 genes for putative glycosyltransferases, 69 for sugar/polyalcohol phosphate transferases, 78 for acetyltransferases, 90 for different polymerases (Wzy) and 88 for different flippases (Wzx) (6). The proteins encoded by some of these genes have been shown biochemically to have the predicted function (4), and a number of other...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structure Of Cps39mentioning

confidence: 99%