The specificity of cyclists’ aggression; examination of the cycling anger expression inventory across different recipient road user groups

Stephens, Amanda N.; O’Hern, Steve; Koppel, Sjaan

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2020.105750

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Lastly, analysis of aggression using the CAX demonstrated that adaptive constructive means of dealing with anger were most common among participants, with aggression shown to follow a continuum that was found in applications of the CAX, with the most aggressive acts (physical aggression) being reported the least frequently; however, there were also significant positive relationships between both physical and verbal expressions of anger and crash involvement, suggesting that those riders who engage in these behaviours or feel compelled to engage in these behaviours by, e.g., insufficient infrastructure, may put themselves and others at risk. Further applications of the CAX by Stephens et al [33] demonstrated that aggression among cyclists is more frequently expressed towards drivers compared to other cyclists or pedestrians, and there is scope to further explore these relationships in Finland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships among Bicycle Rider Behaviours, Anger, Aggression, and Crashes in Finland

O’Hern

Willberg

Fink

et al. 2022

Safety

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Riding a bicycle is increasingly encouraged as a sustainable transport solution, especially in urban areas. However, safety concerns, both perceived and actual, can significantly lower the willingness to ride among the population. To support cycling planning and policy in the double task of increasing the levels of cycling while mitigating crash risk, there is a need to better understand the behaviours and attitudes of bicycle riders. In this manuscript, we study a cohort of Finnish bicycle riders through four questionnaires, the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ), Cyclist Risk Perception and Regulation Scale (RPRS), Cyclist Anger Scale (CAS), and Cyclist Aggression Expression Inventory (CAX). Our findings show low self-reported errors and violations, and high levels of knowledge regarding traffic rules among Finnish bicycle riders. Most participants report low levels of aggression, which is generally dealt with in constructive ways, while anger was most commonly a result of interactions with motor vehicles and less with other road users such as pedestrians. To further reduce the crash risk in cycling, our results point to the need for further separation between bicycle riders and motorised vehicles, and for the development of risk perception and positive behaviours among riders, particularly those engaging in risky behaviours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAX measures three broad types of anger expression: adaptive constructive responses, personal physical expressions of anger, and verbal expressions of anger. These three factors demonstrated good reliability with Cronbach's alphas ranging from 0.83 to 0.94 [28,29,33].…”

Section: Cyclist Aggression Expression Inventorymentioning

confidence: 98%