The Spectrum of Eating Disorders in Young Women

Favaro, Angela; Ferrara, S. D.; Santonastaso, Paolo

doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000073871.67679.d8

Cited by 237 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…37 The overall rates of self-reported AN and BN by ages 19–20 (6.2%) in our sample also approximated estimates of eating disorders from other young female populations from the USA, Australia, and other European countries. 38–41 Although we did observe a higher prevalence of AN in comparison with BN, this pattern has been observed previously in Europe. 42–43 For example, in a large Dutch population aged 18–64, the lifetime prevalence for AN was double that of BN.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Risk for self‐reported anorexia or bulimia nervosa based on drive for thinness and negative affect clusters/dimensions during adolescence: A three‐year prospective study of the TChAD cohort

Peñas-Lledó

Bulik

Lichtenstein

et al. 2015

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective The present study explored the cross-sectional and predictive effect of drive for thinness and/or negative affect scores on the development of self-reported anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Method K-means were used to cluster the Eating Disorder Inventory-Drive for Thinness (DT) and Child Behavior Checklist Anxious/Depressed (A/D) scores from 615 unrelated female twins at age 16–17. Logistic regressions were used to assess the effect of these clusters on self-reported eating disorder diagnosis at ages 16–17 (n=565) and 19–20 (n=451). Results DT and A/D scores were grouped into four clusters: Mild (scores lower than 90th percentile on both scales), DT (higher scores only on DT), A/D (higher scores only on A/D), and DT-A/D (higher scores on both the DT and A/D scales). DT and DT-A/D clusters at age 16–17 were associated cross-sectionally with AN and both cross-sectionally and longitudinally with BN. The DT-A/D cluster had the highest prevalence of AN at follow-up compared with all other clusters. Similarly, an interaction was observed between DT and A/D that predicted risk for AN. Discussion Having elevated DT and A/D scores may increase risk for eating disorder symptomatology above and beyond a high score on either alone. Findings suggest that cluster modeling based on DT and A/D may be useful to inform novel and useful intervention strategies for AN and BN in adolescents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Risk for self‐reported anorexia or bulimia nervosa based on drive for thinness and negative affect clusters/dimensions during adolescence: A three‐year prospective study of the TChAD cohort

Peñas-Lledó

Bulik

Lichtenstein

et al. 2015

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…In this survey, Garfinkel et al [20], using DSM-III-R [35] criteria in a community sample aged 15–65 years, found a lifetime prevalence rate for BN of 1.1% in women and 0.1% in men, which are slightly higher than ours. Moreover, when considering the Italian ED epidemiological studies published so far [6, 14, 15, 17, 22], all of them evaluated a young female population, and only one applied a structured clinical interview (SCID) [17]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies, in fact, have beencarried out in the whole population, usually with a two-stage screening approach [4], while others have been conducted on a particular segment of the population considered at increased risk, such as young females [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. Self-report measures have been used in some cases [14], face-to-face interviews in others [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Epidemiology of Eating Disorders: Results from the Sesto Fiorentino Study

Faravelli

Ravaldi

Truglia

et al. 2006

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: It is speculated that clinical samples do not fully reflect the characteristics of eating disorders (EDs) as they are in the general population, especially in their lowest range of severity. The present article reports the prevalence of EDs in a community sample aged >14 years, their clinical and psychopathological features, and their course and outcome on naturalistic grounds. Methods: The Sesto Fiorentino Study is a three-phase community-based survey where 2,355 out of 2,500 people representative of the population aged >14 years living in Sesto Fiorentino were evaluated by their own general practitioner using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview plus six additional questions. All those who had positive results plus a probability sample of the non-cases were re-interviewed by psychiatrists using the Florence Psychiatric Interview. The subjects who reported ED symptoms were subsequently administered the Eating Disorder Examination (12th edition). Results: Overall, the lifetime prevalence of EDs was 1.21%. More precisely, 0.42% had anorexia nervosa, 0.32% bulimia nervosa, 0.32% binge eating disorder and 0.32% eating disorder not otherwise specified. All the subjects suffering from an ED fulfilled diagnostic criteria for at least another DSM-IV axis I psychiatric disorder. At the moment of the interview, conducted a few years (average 7 years) after the onset of the disorder, 50% had fully recovered from EDs, 26.9% were currently affected by an ED, 23.1% showed a persistent body image disturbance and/or the presence of compensatory behaviours. Conclusions: Community surveys conducted by clinicians may provide useful additional information on the psychopathological features, natural course and outcome of these disorders on naturalistic grounds.

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“…Although earlier research documented symptoms consistent with PD among individuals with eating psychopathology (Mitchell, Pyle, Hatsukami, & Eckert, 1986), only since its formal introduction by Keel and colleagues (Keel, Mayer, & Harnden-Fischer, 2001; Keel et al, 2005) has the syndrome been the subject of more focused empirical research. The point prevalence of PD varies depending on the definition used (Crowther, Armey, Luce, Dalton, & Leahey, 2008; Haedt & Keel, 2010), though lifetime prevalence estimates have ranged from 1.1% (Favaro, Ferrara, & Santonastaso, 2003) to 5.3% (Wade, Bergin, Tiggemann, Bulik, & Fairburn, 2006). …”

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confidence: 99%

A review of purging disorder through meta-analysis.

Lavender¹

2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Although a growing body of research has examined Purging Disorder (PD), there remains a lack of conclusive evidence regarding the diagnostic validity of PD. This meta-analysis compared PD to DSM–5 eating disorders (i.e., Anorexia Nervosa [AN], Bulimia Nervosa [BN], and Binge Eating Disorder [BED]) and controls. A comprehensive literature search identified 38 eligible studies. Group differences on indicators of course of illness and both general and eating psychopathology were assessed using standardized effect sizes. Results supported the conceptualization of PD as a clinically significant eating disorder, but findings were less clear regarding its distinctiveness from other eating disorder diagnoses. More specifically, PD significantly differed from BN and BED in natural course of illness (g = .40–.54), and PD significantly differed from AN in treatment outcome (g = .27), with PD characterized by a better prognosis. Overall, PD was more similar to AN and BED on many dimensional measures of general and eating-related psychopathology, though PD was less severe than BN in most of these domains. PD, BN, and BED groups also evidenced similar frequencies of subjective binge episodes (SBEs), yet PD evidenced less frequent SBEs than AN. There is a clear need for future studies of PD to assess validators that have not been reported comprehensively in the literature, such as mortality, medical morbidity, and course of illness. Additionally, empirical classification studies are needed to inform future classifications of PD, particularly with regard to categorical differences between PD and other eating disorders.

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The Spectrum of Eating Disorders in Young Women

Abstract: Our findings have confirmed the importance of community studies to improve our knowledge about factors that have some influence on pathogenesis, treatment referral, and outcome.

Cited by 237 publications

References 40 publications

Risk for self‐reported anorexia or bulimia nervosa based on drive for thinness and negative affect clusters/dimensions during adolescence: A three‐year prospective study of the TChAD cohort

Risk for self‐reported anorexia or bulimia nervosa based on drive for thinness and negative affect clusters/dimensions during adolescence: A three‐year prospective study of the TChAD cohort

Clinical Epidemiology of Eating Disorders: Results from the Sesto Fiorentino Study

A review of purging disorder through meta-analysis.

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