The spectrum of extrahepatic manifestations in hepatitis C virus infection

Hadziyannis, S.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.1997.00120.x

Cited by 135 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(276 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, IFN-α has antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities [174] . Thus, in predisposed individuals, IFN-α can either induce a diabetogenic process or accelerate a diabetogenic process that is already underway [18,175,176] . For this reason, islet cell autoantibodies and GADAb should be investigated before and during IFN treatment to identify subjects who are at high risk of developing T1DM [177][178][179][180] .…”

Section: T1dm and T2dm In Hcv-infected Patients Treated With Ifn-αmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus infection and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Antonelli

Ferrari

Giuggioli

et al. 2014

WJD

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cytokines, chemokines, and other immune-mediated mechanisms. Few data have been reported on the association of CHC and T1DM and reports on the potential association between T1DM and acute HCV infection are even rarer. A small number of studies indicate that interferon-α therapy can stimulate pancreatic autoimmunity and in certain cases lead to the development of T1DM. Diabetes and CHC have important interactions. Diabetic CHC patients have an increased risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma compared with non-diabetic CHC subjects. However, clinical trials on HCV-positive patients have reported improvements in glucose metabolism after antiviral treatment. Further studies are needed to improve prevention policies and to foster adequate and cost-effective programmes for the surveillance and treatment of diabetic CHC patients. AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and diabetes mellitus are two major public health problems that cause devastating health and financial burdens worldwide. Diabetes can be classified into two major types: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM. T2DM is a common endocrine disorder that encompasses multifactorial mechanisms, and T1DM is an immunologically mediated disease. Many epidemiological studies have shown an association between T2DM and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. The processes through which CHC is associated with T2DM seem to involve direct viral effects, insulin resistance, proinflammatory Submit a

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Section: T1dm and T2dm In Hcv-infected Patients Treated With Ifn-αmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus infection and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Antonelli

Ferrari

Giuggioli

et al. 2014

WJD

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“…In addition to its being hepatotrophic, HCV is also a lymphotrophic virus [2]. This peculiar lymphotropism may be responsible, at least in part, for the multiple immune-mediated extra hepatic manifestations of HCV infection, such as mixed cryoglobulinaemia [3][4][5], Sjögren-like syndrome [6], the presence of serum rheumatoid factor (RF), the production of autoantibodies [7][8][9][10][11] and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma [12][13][14]. The pathogenetic link between HCV and the immune system in inducing both autoimmunity and lymphproliferation is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral B-cell CD5 expansion and CD81 overexpression and their association with disease severity and autoimmune markers in chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Zuckerman¹,

Slobodin²,

Kessel

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with immune-mediated abnormalities and B-cell lymphoproliferation evolving to an overt lymphoma. Recently, CD81 was identified as an HCV receptor on B-lymphocytes, providing a mechanism by which B cells are infected and activated by the virus. In addition, expansion of CD5 + B lymphocytes was described to be associated with various non-HCV related autoimmune disorders. Therefore, we studied the possible role of peripheral B cells CD81 and CD5 over-expression in the development of HCV-related autoimmunity and their association with disease severity in chronic HCV infection. Peripheral B cells CD5 expression and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD81 were determined in 30 HCV-infected patients, 30 healthy controls and 15 patients with hepatitis B virus infection using fluorescence-activated cell scan (FACS). We have also investigated the association between peripheral CD5 and CD81 B-cell over-expression and markers of autoimmunity and disease severity in patients chronically infected by HCV. CD5 + B-cells were increased in chronic HCV infection (23·2 ± 7·2%) compared with those of healthy controls (15 ± 5·5%) (P < 0·0001) and chronic HBV infection (19 ± 3·7%) (P = 0·08). CD81 MFI was significantly higher in HCVinfected compared to HBV-infected patients and healthy controls. Both increased CD81 MFI and CD5 + B-cell expansion were associated with the production of rheumatoid factor and mixed cryoglobulins and positively correlated with HCV viral load and histological activity index. The overexpression of CD81 and the expansion of CD5 + peripheral B-cells in HCV-infected patients may possibly play a role in the development of HCV-associated autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation.

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“…Replication of HCV in diseased extrahepatic organs and tissues may have cytopathic effects. It, therefore, may either trigger latent autoimmunity or induce de novo an autoimmune disease (Hadziyannis, 1997). HCVassociated nephropathy has been postulated to be a distinct extrahepatic manifestation, which might be related to interplay between intrinsic renal disease, autoimmune abnormality, and host susceptibility (Congia et al, 1996;Garini et al, 2005;Meyers et al, 2003).…”

Section: Nephropathymentioning

confidence: 99%