The spectrum of hydatid disease in rural central India: An 11-year experience

Abstract

Background: Hydatid disease or Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larva of Echinococcus species and is one of the oldest known diseases to man. The disease has a worldwide distribution and is also well recognized and documented in India. Aims: This study was carried out with the aim of describing the epidemiology (demography, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and in-hospital course) of Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) in central India. Materials and Methods: The clinical study of hydatid disease was conducted as a single case series including both historical and current cases at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Central India. The study investigator screened all the histopathology records from 1997 to 2004 for historical case group. The current case group extended from 2005 to 2007. The historical case group included 91 patients and the current case group had 26 surgically treated patients. Results: Females were the dominant sex affected by the disease. Hydatid of the liver was more common, especially in the right lobe. Pain in the abdomen was the most common presenting complaint. Lump in the abdomen was the most common clinical finding. Patients with pulmonary hydatid presented to the hospital earlier than the patients with abdominal hydatid (P=0.03). Partial pericystectomy and external drainage was the most commonly performed surgery. The most common postoperative complication was wound infection. Conclusions: This study highlights the epidemiology of CE in the rural region of Indian subcontinent. The population in rural areas are more exposed to zoonotic diseases. Proper education, creating awareness, and implementing strict rules regarding the disposal of remains of slaughtered animals can help eradicate this disease.

Abdominal cystic echinococcosis in Bangladesh: a hospital-based study

“…Stray dogs are common in the region, resulting in widespread contamination with feces from potentially infected free-roaming dogs. Transmission may then result via contact with contaminated plants or soil followed by direct hand-to-mouth transfer [19]. Contaminated water may also play a role in parasite transmission; over three-quarters of the patients in the current study reported getting their water from a well rather than from a piped supply.…”

Hydatid cyst of bone

“…[2] Liver and lung are the commonest sites affected, as they act as first and second filters respectively. G2 genotype (Tasmanian sheep strain) in buffalo has been reported from India.…”

Hydatid Disease in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia, A University Medical Center Experience

“…While some reports from other countries like Turkey, Iran and India showed relatively similar peak age, the incidence was higher in females than males [6,[13][14][15][16]. Rao et al, have postulated that women are involved more than men in farming and herding livestock in their country; therefore women have more risk to get the disease [16]. The HD of human follows a relatively slow course.…”

“…Our study showed also multiple organ involvement in 26% of patients and the combination of liver and lung involvement was the highest (n=3; 16%). In some published reports, multiple organ involvement was ranged from 7.1% to 12% [4,7,16], and combined liver and lung HD were in 10.0% [18], and 19.3% [19] of patients.…”