The speed of sound in a gas–vapour bubbly liquid

Prosperetti, Andréa

doi:10.1098/rsfs.2015.0024

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…This process is equivalent to low‐pressure boiling and involves the same characteristics as boiling at higher pressures. Based on the early work of Prosperetti () and Commander and Prosperetti (), expressions for computing frequency‐dependent compressibility (given in terms of sound speeds) of bubbly liquids were recently derived by Prosperetti () and Fuster and Montel (). From this research and that of Kieffer (), we can define effective compressibility of a two‐phase fluid over the full frequency range and implement it in a rock physics model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Boiling on Seismic Properties of Water‐Saturated Fractured Rock

et al. 2017

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Seismic campaigns for exploring geothermal systems aim at detecting permeable formations in the subsurface and evaluating the energy state of the pore fluids. High‐enthalpy geothermal resources are known to contain fluids ranging from liquid water up to liquid‐vapor mixtures in regions where boiling occurs and, ultimately, to vapor‐dominated fluids, for instance, if hot parts of the reservoir get depressurized during production. In this study, we implement the properties of single‐ and two‐phase fluids into a numerical poroelastic model to compute frequency‐dependent seismic velocities and attenuation factors of a fractured rock as a function of fluid state. Fluid properties are computed while considering that thermodynamic interaction between the fluid phases takes place. This leads to frequency‐dependent fluid properties and fluid internal attenuation. As shown in a first example, if the fluid contains very small amounts of vapor, fluid internal attenuation is of similar magnitude as attenuation in fractured rock due to other mechanisms. In a second example, seismic properties of a fractured geothermal reservoir with spatially varying fluid properties are calculated. Using the resulting seismic properties as an input model, the seismic response of the reservoir is then computed while the hydrothermal structure is assumed to vary over time. The resulting seismograms demonstrate that anomalies in the seismic response due to fluid state variability are small compared to variations caused by geological background heterogeneity. However, the hydrothermal structure in the reservoir can be delineated from amplitude anomalies when the variations due to geology can be ruled out such as in time‐lapse experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Boiling on Seismic Properties of Water‐Saturated Fractured Rock

et al. 2017

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“…Preston, Colonius & Brennen (2007) solve the linearized problem of the dynamics of air/vapour bubbles for situations where transient vaporization effects and heat transport in the liquid boundary layer are not controlling mechanisms. Prosperetti & Hao (2002) also discuss interesting phenomena induced by mass transfer on the dynamics of bubbles, and Prosperetti (2015) presents a simplified model for the influence of mass transfer on the sound speed of a gas/vapour bubbly liquid that reveals that mass transfer effects play an important role in the propagation of waves at low frequencies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass transfer effects on linear wave propagation in diluted bubbly liquids

Fuster

Montel

2015

J. Fluid Mech.

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In this article we investigate the importance of mass transfer effects in the effective acoustic properties of diluted bubbly liquids. The classical theory for wave propagation in bubbly liquids for pure gas bubbles is extended to capture the influence of mass transfer on the effective phase speed and attenuation of the system. The vaporization flux is shown to be important for systems close to saturation conditions and at low frequencies. We derive a general expression for the transfer function that relates bubble radius and pressure changes, solving the linear version of the conservation equations inside, outside and at the bubble interface. Simplified expressions for various limiting situations are derived in order to get further insight about the validity of the common assumptions typically applied in bubble dynamic models. The relevance of the vapour content, the mass transfer flux across the interface and the effect of variations of the bubble interface temperature is discussed in terms of characteristic non-dimensional numbers. Finally we derive the various conditions that must be satisfied in order to reach the low-frequency limit solutions where the phase speed no longer depends on the forcing frequency.

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“…As for hydrodynamically generated bubbles containing mainly water vapour, their collapsing temperatures would be lower [88] than those of gaseous bubbles. The experiment [89] was the first study of hydrodynamic (bubble) cloud luminescence.…”

Section: Heat Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Tiny bubbles challenge giant turbines: Three Gorges puzzle

Sheng-cai

2015

Interface Focus.

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Since the birth of the first prototype of the modern reaction turbine, cavitation as conjectured by Euler in 1754 always presents as a challenge. Following his theory, the evolution of modern reaction (Francis and Kaplan) turbines has been completed by adding the final piece of the element ‘draft-tube’ that enables turbines to explore water energy at efficiencies of almost 100%. However, during the last two and a half centuries, with increasing unit capacity and specific speed, the problem of cavitation has been manifested and complicated by the draft-tube surges rather than being solved. Particularly, during the last 20 years, the fierce competition in the international market for extremely large turbines with compact design has encouraged the development of giant Francis turbines of 700–1000 MW. The first group (24 units) of such giant turbines of 700 MW each was installed in the Three Gorges project. Immediately after commission, a strange erosion phenomenon appeared on the guide vane of the machines that has puzzled professionals. From a multi-disciplinary analysis, this Three Gorges puzzle could reflect an unknown type of cavitation inception presumably triggered by turbulence production from the boundary-layer streak transitional process. It thus presents a fresh challenge not only to this old turbine industry, but also to the fundamental sciences.

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The speed of sound in a gas–vapour bubbly liquid

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

The Effect of Boiling on Seismic Properties of Water‐Saturated Fractured Rock

The Effect of Boiling on Seismic Properties of Water‐Saturated Fractured Rock

Mass transfer effects on linear wave propagation in diluted bubbly liquids

Tiny bubbles challenge giant turbines: Three Gorges puzzle

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