The Spinal Cord Neural Stem Cell Niche

Hugnot, Jean‐Philippe

doi:10.5772/30868

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…They divide symmetrically, as they did during postnatal development [114]. Dorsal ependymal cells show enriched expression of GFAP, nestin, CD15 and/or brain lipid-binding protein (BLBP) [34,112,117,119,120]. A similar population and morphology has also been observed at the ventral part of the central canal, although to a lesser extent [112,117,119].…”

Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The adult central canal is comprised of a pseudo-stratified epithelium with a myriad of cell types that contact the lumen or are present in a subependymal position (all Sox2 + ) ( Figure 3) [34,112,115]. The main constituents are ependymal cells, some of which are positive for GFAP [112,[116][117][118].…”

Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pressure sensing) and/or spinal cord extension/flexion sensing [112,123,124]. Surrounding the central canal, nerve fibers, neurons (NeuN+), oligodendrocytes (Olig2+) and blood vessels can also be found [34,112]. Pericytes that are an active part of the blood brain barrier surrounding blood vessels have also been shown to be an important source of astrocytes, implicating stem cell-like properties for these cells.…”

Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stem cell niches in the brain can be classified as either "typical" or "nontypical". The three typical NSC niches found in the CNS are the subventricular zone (SVZ), the subgranular zone (SGZ) and the central canal (CC) of the spinal cord [32][33][34]. Nontypical (germinal) niches have been identified in the hypothalamus, circumventricular organs (CVO), the meninges and the subpial layer of the cerebellum [32,[35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Typical and Atypical Stem Cell Niches of the Adult Nervous System in Health and Inflammatory Brain and Spinal Cord Diseases

Bernstock¹,

Verheyen²,

Huang³

et al. 2014

Adult Stem Cell Niches

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Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Central Canal Of the Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Typical and Atypical Stem Cell Niches of the Adult Nervous System in Health and Inflammatory Brain and Spinal Cord Diseases

Bernstock¹,

Verheyen²,

Huang³

et al. 2014

Adult Stem Cell Niches

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…2A), it could regulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation during development (Felemban et al 2014). Because several molecules involved in the notch, Wnt, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and hedgehog signaling pathways are expressed in the central canal region (Hugnot 2010;Felemban et al 2014), it is imperative to identify AKH partner molecules on account of its heterophilic properties (Ahsan et al 2005).…”

Section: Expression Of Akh In the Developing Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the neural niche by the soluble molecule Akhirin

et al. 2016

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Though the adult central nervous system has been considered a comparatively static tissue with little turnover, it is well established today that new neural cells are generated throughout life. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/ PCs) can self-renew and generate all types of neural cells. The proliferation of NS/PCs, and differentiation and fate determination of PCs are regulated by extrinsic factors such as growth factors, neurotrophins, and morphogens. Although several extrinsic factors that influence neurogenesis have already been reported, little is known about the role of soluble molecules in neural niche regulation. In this review, we will introduce the soluble molecule Akhirin and discuss its role in the eye and spinal cord during development.

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Akhirin regulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in intact and injured mouse spinal cord

Song

Kawano

et al. 2014

Developmental Neurobiology

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Although the central nervous system is considered a comparatively static tissue with limited cell turnover, cells with stem cell properties have been isolated from most neural tissues. The spinal cord ependymal cells show neural stem cell potential in vitro and in vivo in injured spinal cord. However, very little is known regarding the ependymal niche in the mouse spinal cord. We previously reported that a secreted factor, chick Akhirin, is expressed in the ciliary marginal zone of the eye, where it works as a heterophilic cell-adhesion molecule. Here, we describe a new crucial function for mouse Akhirin (M-AKH) in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of progenitors in the mouse spinal cord. During embryonic spinal cord development, M-AKH is transiently expressed in the central canal ependymal cells, which possess latent neural stem cell properties. Targeted inactivation of the AKH gene in mice causes a reduction in the size of the spinal cord and decreases BrdU incorporation in the spinal cord. Remarkably, the expression patterns of ependymal niche molecules in AKH knockout (AKH-/-) mice are different from those of AKH+/+, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we provide evidence that AKH expression in the central canal is rapidly upregulated in the injured spinal cord. Taken together, these results indicate that M-AKH plays a crucial role in mouse spinal cord formation by regulating the ependymal niche in the central canal.

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The Spinal Cord Neural Stem Cell Niche

Cited by 6 publications

References 92 publications

Typical and Atypical Stem Cell Niches of the Adult Nervous System in Health and Inflammatory Brain and Spinal Cord Diseases

Typical and Atypical Stem Cell Niches of the Adult Nervous System in Health and Inflammatory Brain and Spinal Cord Diseases

Regulation of the neural niche by the soluble molecule Akhirin

Akhirin regulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in intact and injured mouse spinal cord

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