The spirit of Langkasuka? Illuminated manuscripts from the East Coast of the Malay Peninsula

Gallop, Annabel Teh

doi:10.1080/13639810500282417

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It is interesting to note that one of the early Malay kingdoms near the Malay-Thai isthmus is the Kingdom of Langkasuka, which is believed to exist from the 2 nd century until the early 16 th century in Patani, southern provinces of Thailand (Nik Hassan Shuhaimi & Zuliskandar 2010; Gallop 2005; Wheatley 1961). Intriguingly, Patani, Kelantan and Terengganuall of which are located in the east coast of the Malaysian Peninsulashares the same artistic characteristics, development and repertoires in their form and style of Islamic art known as the 'East Coast' style, in which Patani had the finest art, Terengganu owned the finest artistry while Kelantan was in between (Gallop 2005(Gallop , 2002. In addition to this, the red Quran cover, illumination, book binding, calligraphy script, arabesques and the page layout system of the Qurans from the east coast also has evidence of Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal (all of which are Turkish-Turkic (Wiesehöfer 2001).…”

Section: Persia and The Malay Archipelagomentioning

confidence: 99%

Turco-Persian Influence in the Islamic Art of the Malay Archipelago

Ismail¹,

Ramli²,

Zakaria³

2022

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research

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In the Islamic history of the Malay Archipelago, the Persian's contribution in terms of the artistic repertoire influence towards the shaping of the Malay's Islamic art has rarely been discussed by scholars. This is troubling as much of the Persian land (Iran & Iraq) from the 10 th until early 13 th century was inhabited by the Turkic people from Central Asia who were heavily influenced and thoroughly 'Persianised'. Therefore, the art historical method was employed in this study to analyse the artistic connection between the Malay Archipelago with the Turco-Persian Dynasties in Iran. The findings indicate that there is a strong artistic connection with the Turco-Persian Dynasties, namely the Ghaznavid Dynasty (977-1186CE), Seljuk Sultanate of Rum (1077-1308CE) and the Candarogullari Beylik in Kastamonu, Anatolia. Although a small fraction of the Ghaznavid and Seljuk Islamic art survives, their influence can still be seen in the Islamic art used to adorn the Mahmut Bey Mosque in Kastamonu which is slowly deteriorating in time. The Mahmut Bey Mosque is a vital piece of evidence as the surviving Islamic art used to adorn the mosque is a combination traditional Turkic art with the the Seljuk and Ghanavids forms of Islamic art, in which influence of previous religion practiced by the Turkic people such as Tengrism and Buddhism are also evident. These influences were then brought to the Malay Archipelago where it is then acculturated in the existing Malay art culture, particularly in woodcarving and masonry of early Islamic tombstones.

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Section: Persia and The Malay Archipelagomentioning

confidence: 99%

Turco-Persian Influence in the Islamic Art of the Malay Archipelago

Ismail¹,

Ramli²,

Zakaria³

2022

Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the East Coast Quran illumination pages, the tebar layar are placed on the top, left and right sides and below the text frames. According to Gallop (2005), the East Coast Quran owned distinctive regional characteristics, which are different from other Malay regions such as Patani, Sulawesi and Aceh. This is the main medium of classification used to identify the origin of the Malay Quran in the absence of the colophon of the manuscript, which consists of information on the copier, illuminator and owner of the Malay Quran.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The illuminated Qurans were made under royal patronage. One of the most beautiful East Coast Qurans is called number 1998.1.3427 (Gallop 2005), which is believed as Sultan Baginda Omar's Quran (Nurul Iman et. al.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the characteristics of the Malay Quran was developed with research done by Dzulhaimi (1999), Gallop (2005) and Hasnira (2014). These studies have identified the characteristics of the East Coast Quran illuminations, such as the architectural element of the Malay roof known as tebar layar and Malay carving designs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red Quran binding is a name given to one of the East Coast of the Malay Peninsula Quran styles known as the Terengganu style, as described by Gallop (2005) in her findings as the most beautiful illuminated Malay Quran. Red refers to the red tanned leather used to wrap the covers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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