The spontaneous recovery of respiration and neuromuscular transmission in the rat after anticholinesterase poisoning

Meeter, E.; Wolthuis, Otto L.

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(68)90189-1

Cited by 88 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has been shown that in rats the spontaneous restoration of neuromuscular transmission blocked with sarin is accelerated by raising the muscle temperature by 3-40C (Meeter & Wolthuis, 1968). In our experiments on cats only a slight (0.6-1.60C) rise of temperature in the tetanized muscle was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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The Influence of Motor Nerve Tetanization on the Effect of Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Neuromuscular Transmission

Danilov

Ivanov

Michelson

1976

British J Pharmacology

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The changes in the activity of synaptic cholinesterases (ChE) of the ant. tibial muscle in the anaesthetized cat were detected by recording the changes of the blocking activity of acetylcholine (ACh) and comparing them with the blocking activity of carbaminoylcholine (carbachol) injected intra‐arterially or intravenously. After the administration of organophosphorus inhibitors (OPI) of ChE the ACh blocking dose diminished 500 to 2000‐fold but the carbachol blocking dose did not change. In 4–6 h after the injection of OPI the ACh blocking dose increased again 8 to 15‐fold, but the dose of carbachol still remained unchanged. The transmission of high frequency impulses improved after OPI in parallel with the decrease of the ACh blocking activity. Thus the synaptic ChE is partly restored in a few hours after its irreversible inhibition with OPI. Tetanization of the motor nerve (50–60 Hz, 10 min), started simultaneously with the intravenous injection of OPI (armine, Gd‐42), diminished the impairment of neuromuscular transmission. On the side of tetanization the ACh blocking action was less pronounced and the transmission of high frequency impulses better than on the control side. Thus the tetanization produced some protection of synaptic ChE against inhibition by OPI. The protective effect of tetanization was absent when the tetanization was performed before the injection of OPI or was started 10–20 min after the injection of OPI. The protective effect of tetanization was also observed on the isolated phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation of the rat. The possible mechanisms of the protective effect of tetanization are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…The reversibility of the block produced by OPI has been shown by many authors, but in most cases the restoration of neuromuscular transmission was not accompanied by a detectable rise in muscle ChE activity (Berry & Evans, 1951;McNamara, Murtha, Bergner, Robinson, Bender & Wills, 1954;Meeter & Wolthuis. 1968;Meeter, 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Motor Nerve Tetanization on the Effect of Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Neuromuscular Transmission

Danilov

Ivanov

Michelson

1976

British J Pharmacology

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“…Soman produces a bond that within minutes becomes refractory to oxime displacement. 5,6 This refractoriness to oxime was noted in a patient!poisoned with soman as his inhibited circulating cholinesterases appeared to be unaffected by 2-PAMC1. Despite this, his clinical recovery was consistent with the severity of his exposure.…”

Section: Bmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The oximes are relatively ineffective against some antiChE compounds because of the rapid irreversible phosphorylation, or aging*, of the inhibitor-enzyme complex. 5,6 The side effects of pralidoxime chloride may include hypertension, diplopia, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting. These are dose-related and although they are said 1 to be rare or minimal at therapeutic doses (0.5-2 gm), we have seen them after intravenous doses of 5-10 mg/kg.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 The amount and rate of recovery of his tissue ChE are unknown, but the course of his recovery suggests (a) it recovers more rapidly than the circulating ChE's, or (b) he could function with negligible amounts of tissue ChE. This is the process by which the enzyme-inhibitor complex becomes refractory to oxime cleavage and is due to the loss of an alkyl or alkoxy group from the attached inhibitor.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sarin and Soman: Observations on Accidental Exposures

Sidell¹

1973

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Acute Effects of an Insect Repellent, N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide, on Cholinesterase Inhibition Induced by Pyridostigmine Bromide in Rats

Chaney

Wineman

Rockhold

et al. 2000

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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The spontaneous recovery of respiration and neuromuscular transmission in the rat after anticholinesterase poisoning

Cited by 88 publications

References 17 publications

The Influence of Motor Nerve Tetanization on the Effect of Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Neuromuscular Transmission

The Influence of Motor Nerve Tetanization on the Effect of Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Neuromuscular Transmission

Sarin and Soman: Observations on Accidental Exposures

Acute Effects of an Insect Repellent, N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide, on Cholinesterase Inhibition Induced by Pyridostigmine Bromide in Rats

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