The Stability of Liquid-Filled Cylindrical Shells Under Dynamic Loading

A Static Nonlinear Procedure for the Evaluation of the Elastic Buckling of Anchored Steel Tanks Due to Earthquakes

“…The force distribution for the level 3 approach used in the tank structure is produced by the impulsive hydrodynamic pressure distribution due to the fundamental mode of the tank-liquid-system under a horizontal excitation, including the flexibility of the tank. In previous studies, such as those by Veletsos and Shivakumar [1997] and Fischer and Rammerstorfer [1982], an impulsive modal pressure distribution formulation was proposed for the seismic analysis of flexible tanks. Although in principle this formulation could be applied to obtain the capacity curves, in the present study the impulsive pressure distribution for the fundamental mode proposed by Virella et al [2006a] was used instead.…”

“…C. Virella, L. E. Suárez, and L Fischer and Rammerstorfer [1982], a response spectrum for a damping ratio of 2% is used instead of the usual 5% damping response spectrum adopted for buildings (see Fig. 2a).…”

“…However, dynamic buckling analyses are very expensive and thus the buckling evaluation must frequently rely on static analyses. Fischer and Rammerstorfer [1982] and Redekop et al [2002] used static buckling analyses for the seismic evaluation of steel tanks, and presented the results in terms of the critical spectral acceleration that induces buckling. A simplified nonlinear analysis for the seismic design of liquid storage tanks was proposed by Malhotra [2000] based on the nonlinear static procedure for buildings [ATC-40, 1996].…”

Simplified analytical methods for the crashworthiness and the seismic design of lock gates

“…Finally, the pressure obtained in this way were combined with the SRSS formula to derive a design value. Another application example of this method was also proposed by Fischer and Rammerstorfer [58] to check the stability of shell under dynamic load.…”

Recent Advances in Seismic Response Analysis of Cylindrical Liquid Storage Tanks

“…Since Housner's proposal, many researchers have studied seismic evaluation methods. Veletsos and Yang (1976) and Fischer and Rammerstorfer (1982) proposed seismic response analysis methods of cylindrical liquid storage tanks assuming flexible structures for them by simplifying the vibration mode shape of the tanks. Moreover, Fujita (1981) also proposed seismic response analysis method in which tank structure was modeled by finite elements, the liquid pressure in tanks was expressed using velocity potential theory and series solution and coupled vibration between tank structure and contained liquid was considered.…”