The Stability of Moralized Attitudes Over Time

Luttrell, Andrew; Togans, LaCount J.

doi:10.1177/0146167220935737

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…It is measured by meta-judgmental measures and usually, but not always, measured in relation to the attitude/evaluation (e.g., Skitka, 2014 ) rather than the object (e.g., Conner et al, 2022b ). Various studies have shown such attitudes to be more stable ( Luttrell and Togans, 2021 ) and to better predict behavior ( Skitka and Bauman, 2008 ; Judge et al, 2012 ). For example, Conner et al (2022b) showed a measure of moral conviction taken in relation to the object (e.g., “Morally, wearing a face covering in public places is the right thing to do?…”

Section: Predictors Of Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the intention-behavior gap: The role of intention strength

2022

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This manuscript overviews recent research on the intention-behavior gap, focusing on moderators of the intention-behavior relationship. The manuscript draws on the concept of intention strength to make two important points. First, strong intentions provide better predictions of behavior, thereby reducing the intention-behavior gap. However, strong intentions have the additional features of being more stable over time, less pliable in the face of interventions to change them, and more likely to bias information processing about engaging in the behavior. These four features of intention strength are not independent. For example, stable intentions are likely to provide better predictions of behavior. Second, various predictors of strength (e.g., importance, certainty, extremity) may also constitute important, but little studied, moderators of the intention-behavior relationship. Moreover, the effects of these moderators of the intention-behavior relationship may be mediated through intention stability (and perhaps other features of intention strength). Future research on the intention-behavior gap would benefit from a more systematic consideration of a broad range of moderators of the intention-behavior relationship both individually and in combination. In addition, future research could usefully explore how these moderating effects might be explained. Such a systematic approach may further our understanding of the intention-behavior gap in relation to physical activity and other behaviors.

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Section: Predictors Of Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the intention-behavior gap: The role of intention strength

2022

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“…Increasing attitude cer-tainty, attitude importance, attitude subjective knowledge, and moral basis of attitude and decreasing felt ambivalence, potential ambivalence and inconsistency were individually associated with attitudes being more stable. Similar individual effects on attitude stability have been reported for attitude certainty (Bassili, 1996), attitude importance (Krosnick, 1988), attitude subjective knowledge (Bartle, 2000), moral basis of attitude (Luttrell & Togans, 2021), and felt ambivalence (Conner & Armitage, 2008). There have been fewer tests of the individual effects of potential ambivalence (Conner & Armitage, 2008), potential cognitive-affective ambivalence and inconsistency in particular (Conner et al, 2021) on attitude stability.…”

Section: Summary Of the Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing predictors of attitude strength as determinants of attitude stability and attitude–behaviour relationships: A multi‐behaviour study

Conner

Wilding

Norman

2022

Euro J Social Psych

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There has been relatively little study of multiple predictors of attitude strength. Eight predictors (attitude certainty; attitude importance; attitude subjective knowledge; moral basis of attitude; attitude elaboration; felt ambivalence; cognitive-affective potential ambivalence; cognitive-affective inconsistency) were tested for individual and combined impact on two defining features of attitude strength (attitude temporal stability; attitude-behaviour relationship), in a prospective study over one and two months across six COVID-19 protection behaviours (N = 477). All eight predictors were individually associated with attitude stability in individual (except elaboration) and simultaneous (except elaboration and potential ambivalence) tests. All eight predictors (except elaboration and potential ambivalence) were significant moderators of attitude-behaviour relationships in individual tests; attitude importance and inconsistency were significant moderators of attitude-behaviour relationships in simultaneous tests (only former remained significant controlling for stability). The findings highlight attitude importance as the strongest predictor of attitude strength reflected in their impact on attitude stability and attitude-behaviour relationships. KEYWORDS attitude, attitude strength, attitude-behaviour relationship, temporal stability of attitude INTRODUCTIONStrong attitudes are durable and have impact (Krosnick & Petty, 1995).Luttrell and Sawicki (2020) refer to these as the defining features of attitude strength. Durability can be further split into temporal stability and pliability (or persistence and resistance), while impact can be further split into effects of the attitude on behaviour and the processing of attitude-relevant information. Temporal stability and impact on behaviour are the defining features of attitude strength that have received the most attention (Krosnick & Petty, 1995), andThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…In Study 4, we wanted to extend the prior findings, examining whether attitude moralization also predicts people's reports of their actual purchasing behaviors at some point in the future. Although there is some evidence that perceived moral bases for political attitudes are associated with reports of one's actual behavior (Skitka & Bauman, 2008) and that more moralized attitudes tend to be more stable over time (Luttrell & Togans, 2021), we are not aware of any prior evidence directly showing that attitude moralization prospectively predicts behavioral reports at some point in the future. Thus, we employed a longitudinal design in which we used people's reported degree of moral basis for their attitudes toward organic food at Time 1 to predict reports of whether they had purchased organic food two months later.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 77%

“…although moralization tends to correspond with certainty and ambivalence, its effects are empirically unique from these other constructs Luttrell & Togans, 2021;Philipp-Muller, Wallace, & Wegener, 2020;Skitka, Bauman, & Sargis, 2005). Therefore, to show that moralization predicts additional variance in purchase intentions beyond these other impactful attributes, we measure and control for them in all analyses.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morality Matters in the Marketplace: The Role of Moral Metacognition in Consumer Purchasing

Luttrell

Teeny²,

Petty

2021

Social Cognition

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To better understand the seemingly inconsistent influence of consumers' morality on their marketplace behaviors, we apply insights from research on attitude moralization to the consumer domain. That is, rather than predefining certain products as “moral,” this approach treats morality as the extent to which individual consumers metacognitively perceive their positive product attitudes as rooted in moral (vs. non-moral) considerations. Across multiple studies (N = 1,105), a wide variety of product categories, and multiple methodological approaches (i.e., correlational, experimental, and longitudinal), we show how the degree to which consumers perceive a moral basis for their product attitudes robustly predicts their intended and actual marketplace behaviors. Importantly, these findings hold above and beyond overall attitudes, other metacognitive assessments (e.g., certainty and ambivalence), and explicit product quality. By extending prior research in moral social cognition to the consumer domain, we provide a more refined account of morality's role in consumer behavior.

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The Stability of Moralized Attitudes Over Time

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Understanding the intention-behavior gap: The role of intention strength

Understanding the intention-behavior gap: The role of intention strength

Testing predictors of attitude strength as determinants of attitude stability and attitude–behaviour relationships: A multi‐behaviour study

Morality Matters in the Marketplace: The Role of Moral Metacognition in Consumer Purchasing

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