The Stability of Petroleum

Field Application and Experimental Investigation of Interfacial Characteristics of Surfactant and CO2 Alternative Injection

“…Injected CO 2 can swell the crude oil, lower its viscosity, generate miscibility, and lower the IFT between the oil and the CO 2 –oil phase in near-miscible regions. , The main issue of CO 2 flooding is gas channeling. Surfactant flooding is a chemical EOR technique in which a small amount of surfactant is mixed with the injected fluid to sweep the reservoir oil .…”

“…The fundamental problem with CO 2 flooding at the moment is that it is restricted by the CO 2 source and has inadequate mobility control, resulting in early CO 2 overriding and fingering, CO 2 breakthrough, corrosion in producing wells, CO 2 separation and recycle injection, and so on. 1 …”

“…CO 2 flooding is the most promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology, and it has been employed effectively in numerous reservoir types. The fundamental problem with CO 2 flooding at the moment is that it is restricted by the CO 2 source and has inadequate mobility control, resulting in early CO 2 overriding and fingering, CO 2 breakthrough, corrosion in producing wells, CO 2 separation and recycle injection, and so on …”

Application of a Multistage Plugging System in a Fractured Reservoir of CO2 Flooding

“…In recent years, with the increasing development scale of low-, ultralow-, and tight-permeability reservoirs, the technology of CO 2 flooding has received much more attention. However, gas channeling and the low CO 2 sweep coefficient are the main contradictions of CO 2 flooding . Reservoir heterogeneity, such as fractures and faults, has prevented the recovery of crude oil in an economic manner .…”

“…However, gas channeling and the low CO 2 sweep coefficient are the main contradictions of CO 2 flooding. 3 Reservoir heterogeneity, such as fractures and faults, has prevented the recovery of crude oil in an economic manner. 4 The viscosity of CO 2 in a normal oil reservoir can be 10–50 times lower than that of the oil, making CO 2 more likely to channel through the oil and preferentially flow through more permeable rock sections.…”