The stability of the sigma sleep spindle

Silverstein, Louis D.; Levy, C. Michael

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(76)90142-5

Cited by 75 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Sleep spindles are neural oscillations (∼11-16 Hz; Iber, Ancoli-Israel, Chesson, & Quan, 2007) that occur in short bursts (<3 sec) and characterize non-rapid eye movement stage 2 (NREM2) sleep. Within an individual, the characteristics of sleep spindles are very trait-like and are stable from night to night but vary significantly between individuals (Gaillard & Blois, 1981;Silverstein & Levy, 1976) and have thus been suggested to be an "electrophysiological fingerprint" for each individual (De Gennaro, Ferrara, Vecchio, Curcio, & Bertini, 2005). However, the functional significance of this fingerprint remains to be fully elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Spindles and Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon or Directly Related?

Fang

Sergeeva

Ray

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ Sleep spindles-short, phasic, oscillatory bursts of activity that characterize non-rapid eye movement sleep-are one of the only electrophysiological oscillations identified as a biological marker of human intelligence (e.g., cognitive abilities commonly assessed using intelligence quotient tests). However, spindles are also important for sleep maintenance and are modulated by circadian factors. Thus, the possibility remains that the relationship between spindles and intelligence quotient may be an epiphenomenon of a putative relationship between good quality sleep and cognitive ability or perhaps modulated by circadian factors such as morningness-eveningness tendencies. We sought to ascertain whether spindles are directly or indirectly related to cognitive abilities using mediation analysis. Here, we show that fast (13.5-16 Hz) parietal but not slow (11-13.5 Hz) frontal spindles in both non-rapid eye movement stage 2 sleep and slow wave sleep are directly related to reasoning abilities (i.e., cognitive abilities that support "fluid intelligence," such as the capacity to identify complex patterns and relationships and the use of logic to solve novel problems) but not verbal abilities (i.e., cognitive abilities that support "crystalized intelligence"; accumulated knowledge and experience) or cognitive abilities that support STM (i.e., the capacity to briefly maintain information in an available state). The relationship between fast spindles and reasoning abilities is independent of the indicators of sleep maintenance and circadian chronotype, thus suggesting that spindles are indeed a biological marker of cognitive abilities and can serve as a window to further explore the physiological and biological substrates that give rise to human intelligence. ■

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Spindles and Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon or Directly Related?

Fang

Sergeeva

Ray

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…The rationale for this technique was based on reports indicating within-nightlacross-hour differences in spindle characteristics (22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Study I: During Major Depressive Episodementioning

confidence: 99%

Spindle Characteristics in Prepubertal Major Depressives During an Episode and After Sustained Recovery: A Controlled Study

Goetz

Hanlon

et al. 1983

Sleep

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Summary: In a previous publication, this group reported a dissociation between multiple sleep complaints and polysomnographic abnormalities in prepubertal major depressive children. Spindle activity has been thought by some to be a correlate of restorative sleep. On this basis, it was hypothesized that prepubertal depressives might exhibit differences in sleep spindle characteristics when compared with normal and psychiatric control groups, and with their former state during sustained recovery in a drug-free state. Further, it was thought that clinical complaints of disrupted sleep might be related to differences in spindle characteristics. Spindle frequency (Hz) was the only significant finding among the groups, but it was not specific to depressive disorder, since all psychiatric groups presented higher frequencies than did normal children. As expected, significant differences across halves of the sleep period time (SPT) were also found for the number of spindles, frequency (Hz), duration (ms), spindle density (rate), and the amount of stage 2 sleep (min). The presence or absence of sleep complaints had no bearing on spindle characteristics, thus indicating a lack of apparent relationship between the two. Upon recovery the depressives exhibited no changes across clinical state, and a cross-sectional comparison of the recovered data with the original control data gave results essentially identical to the first (active illness) comparisons. It is suggested that high spindle frequency may be a nonspecific correlate of emotional disorders in prepuberty, which, at least in depressives, does not change with clinical state. Key Words: Spindle characteristics-Prepubertal depressives-Across clinical states.Various polysomnographic patterns have been shown to be associated with neuropsychiatric illnesses in humans, for instance, shortened first REM period latency, increased REM density, and other sleep continuity/architecture changes among adult depressives 0), and REM sleep abnormalities among schizophrenics (2). Research investigating specific EEG waveform parameters has also shown that certain wave

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“…Typically, in studying a set of recordings, a fi xed threshold is selected on the basis of training recordings or by some criteria for spindle scoring. For instance, threshold values of 5.0, 10.0, 12.5 and 14.0 V have been used [17][18][19][20] . Also a wavelet-based method for spindle detection made use of an amplitude threshold [21] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Frequency Analysis of Synchronous and Diffuse Sleep Spindles

Huupponen

Saastamoinen²,

Niemi³

et al. 2005

Neuropsychobiology

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Background: Sleep spindles have different properties in different localizations in the cortex. Objectives: First main objective was to develop an amplitude-independent multi-channel spindle detection method. Secondly the method was applied to study the anteroposterior frequency differences of pure synchronous (visible bilaterally, either frontopolarly or centrally) and diffuse (visible bilaterally both frontopolarly and centrally) sleep spindles. Methods: A previously presented spindle detector based on the fuzzy reasoning principle and a level detector were combined to form a multi-channel spindle detector. Results: The spindle detector had a 76.17% true positive rate and 0.93% false-positive rate. Pure central spindles were faster and pure frontal spindles were slower than diffuse spindles measured simultaneously from both locations. Conclusions: The study of frequency relations of spindles might give new information about thalamocortical sleep spindle generating mechanisms.

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The stability of the sigma sleep spindle

Cited by 75 publications

References 8 publications

Sleep Spindles and Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon or Directly Related?

Sleep Spindles and Intellectual Ability: Epiphenomenon or Directly Related?

Spindle Characteristics in Prepubertal Major Depressives During an Episode and After Sustained Recovery: A Controlled Study

Automated Frequency Analysis of Synchronous and Diffuse Sleep Spindles

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