The Starling Hypothesis of Capillary Fluid Exchange in Relation to Brain Edema

Go, K. G.; Patberg, Wiebe R.; Teelken, A.W.; Gazendam, J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66524-0_12

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The water movement across the BBB has been considered to follow Starling's principle, 32 " 34 according to which, the water influx in early edema or cytotoxic edema has been explained on the basis of an increase in the idiogenic osmotic activity as well as hydrostatic pressure gradients. As stated earlier, the present data within six hours following ischemia conformed to the above thesis.…”

Section: The Alteration Of Bbb Permeability To Sodium In Late Edemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischemic brain edema following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the rat. I: The time courses of the brain water, sodium and potassium contents and blood-brain barrier permeability to 125I-albumin.

Gotoh¹,

Asano²,

Koide³

et al. 1985

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284

124

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The present study was undertaken to analyze the roles of brain cations and of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to albumin in the development of ischemic brain edema. Using the rat middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model, changes in the brain water, sodium, and potassium contents were followed for a period of seven days. The permeability of the BBB to proteins was also followed by 125I-albumin transfer from the blood into the brain. A significant edema developed as early as three hours after MCA occlusion. This progressed rapidly to reach a maximum on the third day, gradually regressing thereafter. The increase in the brain water contents showed a parallel time course to the increase in the sodium and decrease in the potassium contents. A significant increase in the BBB permeability to albumin occurred 72 hours after MCA occlusion. However, there was no correlation between the brain water content and BBB permeability to albumin in the hemispheres studied 72 hours after MCA occlusion. The correlation between the brain water and sodium contents was not clear during the first six hours, but became highly significant thereafter. The data suggest that an increase in the BBB permeability to sodium occurred 12-48 hours after MCA occlusion, which, together with an antecedent intracellular shift of sodium, resulted in a massive influx of water and sodium into the brain. The BBB permeability change to sodium, not to proteins, seems to play a predominant role in the pathogenesis underlying ischemic brain edema.

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Section: The Alteration Of Bbb Permeability To Sodium In Late Edemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischemic brain edema following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the rat. I: The time courses of the brain water, sodium and potassium contents and blood-brain barrier permeability to 125I-albumin.

Gotoh¹,

Asano²,

Koide³

et al. 1985

Stroke

284

124

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“…Go et al (1976) have found an increase of LDH in the extracellular fluid of cats with a cold lesion of the brain. It was presumed that enzymes released into extracellular fluid of the brain would be transported into the CSF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in acute brain injury. 1. Dynamics of changes in CSF enzyme activity after acute experimental brain injury.

Maas¹

1977

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…An easily obtainable and objective index of the extent of brain damage is desirable for giving a prognosis. The amount of enzymes released from damaged tissue into extracellular fluid (Go et al, 1976) could be expected to be proportional to the extent of tissue damage. Enzymes will be transported from the extracellular fluid towards serum and CSF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in acute brain injury. 2. Relation of CSF enzyme activity to extent of brain injury.

Maas¹

1977

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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SUMMARY The value of CSF enzyme estimations as indices of the extent of brain damage was studied in the experimental situation. Standard cold lesions of different severity were induced in cats. The activities of the enzymes CPK, HBDH, LDH, GOT, and ChE were studied at half hour intervals in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The ventricular and cisternal fluid pressure, and the arterial blood pressure were monitored continuously. Significantly higher enzyme levels were found in the animals with more severe injuries of the brain.

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The Starling Hypothesis of Capillary Fluid Exchange in Relation to Brain Edema

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Ischemic brain edema following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the rat. I: The time courses of the brain water, sodium and potassium contents and blood-brain barrier permeability to 125I-albumin.

Ischemic brain edema following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the rat. I: The time courses of the brain water, sodium and potassium contents and blood-brain barrier permeability to 125I-albumin.

Cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in acute brain injury. 1. Dynamics of changes in CSF enzyme activity after acute experimental brain injury.

Cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in acute brain injury. 2. Relation of CSF enzyme activity to extent of brain injury.

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