2016
DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0799-9
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The state of “freeze-for-all” in human ARTs

Abstract: The recent development of vitrification technologies and the good outcomes obtained in assisted reproduction technologies have supported new indications for freezing and segmentation of treatment. Beyond OHSS prevention and avoidance of embryo transfers in the setting of an adverse endocrinological profile or endometrial cavity, we have witnessed a trend to shift fresh embryo transfers to frozen embryo transfers in many programs. We critically review the available evidence and suggest that freeze-all is not Bf… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…Fresh embryo transfer (ET) is still the standard procedure for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments, although recent scientific data have shown the potential benefit of performing cycle segmentation with deferred ET, known as the freeze-all policy [2][3][4][5][6] . It is unknown whether this strategy can be used for all patients, irrespective of their ovarian response and hormone levels during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) [7][8][9][10][11] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fresh embryo transfer (ET) is still the standard procedure for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments, although recent scientific data have shown the potential benefit of performing cycle segmentation with deferred ET, known as the freeze-all policy [2][3][4][5][6] . It is unknown whether this strategy can be used for all patients, irrespective of their ovarian response and hormone levels during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) [7][8][9][10][11] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For couple who take IVF, the procedure has been previously described (21). All the oocytes will be inseminated with 2-5×10 6 The procedure of ICSI has been previously described (22). After injection, oocytes are transferred to the standard culture dishes in conventional incubators.…”
Section: Interventionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent years, with the development of vitrification, the survival rates of thawed embryos was greatly improved as compared with slow-freezing (5). There are some medical indications for elective frozen embryo transfer (eFET) or 'freeze-all' approach, including hydrosalpinx, increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), elevated progesterone levels, genetic screening, low responders, inadequate uterine cavity, high blood pressure and Zika virus (6). Women undergo progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol or luteal phase stimulation protocol also require eFET.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since then, embryo cryopreservation has become a widely used technic in assisted reproductive technology (ART), allowing the preservation of the remaining embryos following a fresh transfer for future pregnancies and as a modern tool to reduce multiple births by encouraging patients to transfer a single embryo [1,68]. Additional indications for embryo cryopreservation are the embryo banking for preimplantation genetic screening, elective deferred embryo transfer, when the patient is at risk of a hyperstimulation and for fertility preservation [66,69]. Thus, embryo cryopreservation greatly increased the safety and efficacy of IVF treatments and enable the later use of all the embryos obtained from a single oocyte pick-up.…”
Section: Current Status Of Embryo Cryopreservationmentioning
confidence: 99%