The state of global health in a radically unequal world: patterns and prospects

Abstract

Citation for published item:vont¡ eD onld nd hrekerD ed @PHIIA 9he stte of glol helth in rdilly unequl world X ptterns nd prospetsF9D in qlol helth nd glol helth ethisF gmridgeX gmridge niversity ressD ppF PREQTF Further information on publisher's website:c Cambridge University Press 2011. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.

The challenges of health disparities in South Africa

“…[7.8] Care of infants, education and nurturing of children, opportunities for further study during adolescence, and access to rewarding work are all enhanced by maternal literacy, as demonstrated in some poor countries with high levels of female literacy. [9] Access to adequate nutrition, clean water, sanitation, housing and basic healthcare is essential. Personal living habits provide individuals with the ability to predispose to, or be protected against, poor health.…”

“…Middle-class growth was promoted by a spirit of solidarity forged by access to jobs, universal availability of education, healthcare and the provision of other social services funded by progressive taxation within well-regulated economies. [9,10] Against this background, modern medical advances could be effectively applied to improve health and expedite the eradication of many epidemic infectious diseases, as exemplified by further reductions in the annual death rate from tuberculosis to about 2/100 000 in the UK, and an increase in life expectancy to about 75 years.…”

Desigualdade, bioética e Direitos Humanos

“…Still, the mortality of children under five years, those between the poorest 20% of five developing countries have at least twice as much chance of dying before age 5 and, in some cases, up to three times more, when the comparison is made with children from the richest 20% 13 . In Latin America, malnutrition affects 16% of children 32 .…”

“…Similarly, inequality concerning the race in Brazil, particularly the black and indigenous populations, is a fact on which light must be shed, as they are the groups -and in urban strata, especially blacks -that still have the worst indicators of illiteracy, health and income, among others, showing that, despite the occurrence of improvements resulting from public policies, such advances have not been sufficient to reverse the inequality in relation to the white population The scenario of inequality in health in contemporary times Disparities in the health status of individuals and populations are largely connected with the unequal distribution globally the necessary resources for health 13 . Daniels 30 , referring to studies by Pogge, emphasizes that 18 million preventable and premature deaths are linked to global poverty.…”

“…Life expectancy at birth has made significant progress, but that progress has variation, as in the comparison between Canadians, who at birth can expect to live 80 years, and the populations of low-income countries, whose life expectancy at birth is estimated at 59 years on average. In Zambia, one of the countries most affected by the AIDS epidemic, life expectancy at birth fell from 50 years in 1980 to 45 years in 2009 13 …”