2018
DOI: 10.1177/1477370818803047
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The state of heritage and cultural property policing in England & Wales, France and Italy

Abstract: Presenting a large threat to irreplaceable heritage, property, cultural knowledge and cultural economies across the world, heritage and cultural property crimes offer case studies through which to consider the challenges, choices and practices that shape 21st-century policing. This article uses empirical research conducted in England & Wales, France and Italy to examine heritage and cultural property policing. It considers the threat before investigating three crucial questions. First, who is involved in t… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Key themes that provided some structure for the interviews were: Threats to cultural heritage; the protection and policing challenges; the performance of the protection and policing; private sector involvement; the motivations in the protection and policing; and the future of the protection and policing of cultural heritage. These themes were influenced by prior research on cultural heritage crime (Block, 2011;Chappell and Hufnagel, 2014;Kerr, 2015Kerr, , 2020. The majority of the interviews were conducted in Portuguese.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Key themes that provided some structure for the interviews were: Threats to cultural heritage; the protection and policing challenges; the performance of the protection and policing; private sector involvement; the motivations in the protection and policing; and the future of the protection and policing of cultural heritage. These themes were influenced by prior research on cultural heritage crime (Block, 2011;Chappell and Hufnagel, 2014;Kerr, 2015Kerr, , 2020. The majority of the interviews were conducted in Portuguese.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These include thefts carried out or enabled by insiders that work at the locations; lack of inventories; corruption within and from outside the locations; lack of effective management; lack of effective administration; lack of effective coordination and information sharing within the field; lack of motivation and attention by workers, for example security guards agreeing amongst themselves to only work on specific days; lack of regulation of the markets, especially the antiquities market which has insufficient standards, supervision and guarantees that could help to prevent crimes; lack of effective laws and regulation that enable crimes such as the sale of cultural heritage for scrap metal; lack of cultural heritage awareness from those who work outside the field; lack of funding from governing bodies and the private sector; lack of consistency in funding; lack of engagement and care for cultural heritage among many Brazilians; and money laundering becoming easier to commit through cultural heritage than more 'traditional' methods (Interviews,10/ An interviewee who works in a public sector cultural heritage organisation highlighted that the challenges in protecting Brazil's cultural heritage resemble those faced by equivalent organisations in other countries (Interview, 14/01/2020). While this is the case concerning some areas of prioritisation and resourcing (Block, 2011;Kerr, 2020;Oosterman and Yates, 2020), what currently differentiates Brazil from many other countries is that the overall challenge is significantly greater because at federal, state and municipal levels many governing far-right politicians are focussing disproportionately on the display and content of specific cultural heritage while they dismantle the frameworks that provide protection and support for cultural heritage.…”
Section: Threats To Cultural Heritagementioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Domestic approaches include enhancement of museum security constructions, improvements in legal systems for prohibition and conviction, establishment of "the full history of the item" [16] during accessioning that go in accord with due diligence principles of museums, as well as establishment of specialized heritage police forces and agents to combat illicit trades with unmeasurable illegal benefits and transactions. Practices carried out by the Italian Gendarmerie of Antiquities and the French Central Office for the Fight against Trafficking in Cultural Property [17] have made huge differences in preserving cultural patrimonies within national borders. On the international level, instead of remaining ambivalent on this issue as import countries did decades ago [18] , negotiations or even compromises are required.…”
Section: Art Thefts: Impacts and Possible Solutionsmentioning
confidence: 99%