The state of local adaptive capacity to climate change in drought-prone districts of rural Sidama, southern Ethiopia

Matewos, Tafesse

doi:10.1016/j.crm.2019.100209

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…With the exception of Arjo, Bedele and Nekemte, all stations showed a statistically significant increasing trend in autumn (SON), winter (DJF) and spring (MAM) seasons. This result is consistent previous studies (Conway and Schipper, 2011;Kassie et al, 2015;Suryabhagavan, 2017;Matewos, 2020) which reported an increasing trend of mean maximum temperature in Ethiopia. Likewise, IPCC (2013) also reported the occurrence of significant increasing trends of temperature in all sub-Saharan regions.…”

Section: Mean Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trendsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…(2020) indicated that the number of rainy months in the coffee growing region of southwest has declined by 50%; from 9 to 5.5 months. Increasing temperature trend and fluctuation were also reported in different parts of Ethiopia ( Kassie et al., 2015 ; Abebe, 2017 ; Ademe et al., 2020 ; Matewos, 2020 ). According to Abebe (2017) , the mean annual temperature increased by 1.65 °C between 1955 and 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Study by Fekadu et al (2020) indicated that the number of rainy months in the coffee growing region of southwest has declined by 50%; from 9 to 5.5 months. Increasing temperature trend and fluctuation were also reported in different parts of Ethiopia (Kassie et al, 2015;Abebe, 2017;Ademe et al, 2020;Matewos, 2020). According to Abebe (2017), the mean annual temperature increased by 1.65 C between 1955 and 2015. An increasing trend of temperature was projected in all regions of Ethiopia, with annual warming of 2.2 C (with a range of 1.4-2.9 C) by the 2050s (Conway and Schipper, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Evidences of climate change presences in the wettest parts of southwest Ethiopia

Gemeda

Korecha²,

Garedew

2021

Heliyon

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Climate change has been identified as a major challenge of rainfed agriculture. To contextualize whether there is climate change footprint, identification of rainfall and temperature trend at regional and local scale is helpful for designing long-term adaptation and mitigation strategies. The present study therefore aims to assess evidences of climate change presences in terms of, climate variability and trend in the wettest parts of Southwest Ethiopia. Daily and monthly historical gridded rainfall and temperature data (1983–2016) of ten stations were provided by Ethiopian National Metrological Agency. Moreover, long years historical recorded climate data of Nekemte and Bedele (1971–2020) and Sekoru (1981–2020) were used in the present study. Coefficient of variation, the Mann-Kendall non-parametric statistical test and Sen's slope estimator, linear regression analysis and the precipitation concentration index were applied to detect the presence of climate change in the southwest parts of Ethiopia. In this study, the trend package of open R software employed for trend identification and rate of change per year. The results indicate that the annual rainfall has declining trend at five stations with statistically significant at one station while the mean maximum and minimum temperature shows a statistically significant increasing trend at eight and six stations, respectively. At a seasonal scale, the amount of rainfall in the main rainy season (June to August) is dominated by a downward trend (eight out of ten stations) while, the autumn season (September to November) shows an increasing trend in all stations with statistically significant at one station. The precipitation concentration index analysis revealed that inconsistent and significantly irregular precipitation is observed at six stations (60%) of the ten stations. This study concludes that the climate of the wettest parts of Ethiopia is getting warmer and the amount of rainfall in the main rainy season has declined in the vast majority of the study area.

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Section: Mean Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trendsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Evidences of climate change presences in the wettest parts of southwest Ethiopia

Gemeda

Korecha²,

Garedew

2021

Heliyon

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“…At a household level, access to information can significantly impact the level of adaptive capacity [100]. In rural areas, the information could be accessed mainly through social networks.…”

Section: Adaptive Capacity: Accesses Wealth Technology and Livelihood Diversificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Smallholders’ Livelihood Vulnerability to Drought across Agroecology and Farm Typology in the Upper Awash Sub-Basin, Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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Background: Assessing the magnitude of smallholder farmers’ livelihood vulnerability to drought is an initial step in identifying the causal factors and proposing interventions that mitigate the impacts of drought. This study aimed to assess smallholders’ livelihood vulnerability to the drought in the upper Awash sub-basin, Ethiopia. Household (HH) and climate data were used for indicators related to sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity that define vulnerability to drought. The vulnerability of farmers’ livelihood to drought was compared among the studies agroecological zone (AEZ) and farm typologies. Results: The result illustrated a diverse magnitude of vulnerability index (VI) ranging from −1.956 to −4.253 for AEZ. The highest magnitude of VI was estimated for livelihood in the lowland AEZ, while the lowest magnitude of VI was estimated in midland AEZ. This could be accounted for by the fact that lowland farmers shown the highest exposure (0.432) and sensitivity (0.420) and the lowest adaptive capacity (0.288). A closer look at farmers’ livelihood typology, in each of the AEZ, showed substantial diversity of farmers’ livelihood vulnerability to drought, implying potential aggregations at AEZ. Accordingly, the vulnerability index for livestock and on-farm-income-based livelihood and marginal and off-farm-income-based livelihood typologies were higher than the intensive-irrigation-farming-based smallholders’ livelihood typology. Conclusions: Based on the result, we concluded that procedures for smallholders’ livelihood resilience-building efforts should better target AEZ to prioritize the focus region and farmers’ livelihood typology to tailor technologies to farms. Although the result emphasizes the importance of irrigation-based livelihood strategy, the overall enhancement of farmers adaptive capacity needs to focus on action areas such as reducing the sensitivity and exposure of the households, improving farmers usage of technologies, diversify farmers’ livelihood options, and, hence, long-term wealth accumulation to strengthen farmers’ adaptive capacity toward drought impacts.

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“…Multiple approaches and frameworks have been developed in order to assess, quantify and anticipate adaptive capacities of various systems at a range of scales. These include national to local and household level assessment (Vincent, 2007;Jones et al, 2017;Matewos, 2020), and most relevant for this study-various kinds of institutions, such as resource governance regimes (Pahl-Wostl, 2009), community-based natural resource management (Armitage, 2005), or private sector business entities and networks (Parsons et al, 2018;Canevari-Luzardo et al, 2020). The literature that covers the adaptive capacity of institutions is rapidly evolving and the various dimensions of an institution's governance and management that contribute to its adaptive capacity are well-covered (Gupta et al, 2010;Engle, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Adaptive Capacity of Sugarcane Contract Farming Schemes in the Face of Extreme Events

2021

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Adaptive capacity determines the extent to which exposure to natural hazards and extreme events translates into impacts. This study traces the effectiveness of adaptive capacity of two different sugarcane contract farming schemes (so-called outgrower schemes)—Phata and Kasinthula—in Chikwawa district in southern Malawi which, due to their proximity, are similarly exposed to extreme events, but have shown different impacts in terms of sugarcane production. We develop a framework to explore and compare the adaptive capacity at scheme management level, and relate the findings to the historical changes in yield, the occurrence of extreme events in the district and the lived experiences of the scheme management over the last ten years (2010–2019) using qualitative data from interviews with scheme managers. The total level and components of adaptive capacity differ in several aspects. Phata had much better prerequisites to mitigate the impacts of the extreme events (i.e., maintain production), particularly related to the Asset base, Knowledge and information, Innovation, and Forward-looking decision-making. Kasinthula on the other hand, was impacted by compound events whilst having low financial capacity, weak governance and reduced human capacity. Kasinthula had limited capacity to recover from the severe 2015 floods, the adaptive capacity thus drawn upon and were not restored when next event occurred (drought). This novel, comparative approach to assessing adaptive capacity, linking to past events, has been shown useful in order to determine the components that are missing and need to be built in order to reduce risk from extreme events and climate change. These findings are important to ensure future adaptation of sugarcane outgrowers, and relevant also to other contract farming arrangements or similar kinds of agricultural organizations.

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The state of local adaptive capacity to climate change in drought-prone districts of rural Sidama, southern Ethiopia

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Evidences of climate change presences in the wettest parts of southwest Ethiopia

Evidences of climate change presences in the wettest parts of southwest Ethiopia

Analysis of Smallholders’ Livelihood Vulnerability to Drought across Agroecology and Farm Typology in the Upper Awash Sub-Basin, Ethiopia

Exploring the Adaptive Capacity of Sugarcane Contract Farming Schemes in the Face of Extreme Events

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