The state of oncology care in Russia. Kidney cancer (morbidity, mortality, index of accuracy, one-year and year-by-year mortality, histological structure). Part 1

Abstract

Background. About 25,000 (2018 - 24,291) new cases of kidney cancer (KC) are registered in Russia annually, in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia in 2018 - 2504.Kidney cancer refers to localizations with a relatively low mortality rate. Mortality in the first year of observation is about 20 %. At the same time, an unfavorable trend in the dynamics of morbidity should be noted. Over the past 10 years, the annual growth rate for both sexes was 3.18%, mortality practically did not change, which indicates certain success in the treatment of patients.Materials and methods. The materials of the research were the monographs of IARC “Cancer on five continents”, reference books of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute and the database of the population cancer register of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russia own materials. Standard methods of statistical analysis were used.Results. The study revealed positive trends in the quality of registration of patients with kidney cancer, dynamics of mortality and survival of patients.Conclusion. The positive dynamics of the incidence rate of the population of Russia with kidney cancer has been established, and its place in the world community has been determined. Age-specific levels are close to those in the United States.Particular attention is paid to the need to use the Russian population cancer register database to obtain reliable data for an objective assessment of the activities of the oncological service in relation to kidney cancer.

Prediction of Distant Metastases in Patients with Kidney Cancer Based on Gene Expression and Methylation Analysis

“…The disease progresses asymptomatically until late stages and is characterized by a high frequency of lethal outcomes, especially when metastasis develops. The mortality rate in the first year of observation is approximately 20% [ 4 ]. Approximately 30% of patients with localized disease develop distant metastases during follow-up [ 5 ].…”

Features of blood supply to the human kidney with a five-segment concept of its structure

“…Improving the methods of imaging diagnostics, as well as their availability in clinical practice, contributed to an increase in the frequency of detection of various pathological processes in the kidneys, including neoplastic ones (1,2). Particularly favorable is the fact that most kidney tumors are diagnosed at their early stages (3,4).…”