The state of the art of battery charging infrastructure for electrical vehicles: Topologies, power control strategies, and future trend

Abstract

The state of the art of battery charging infrastructure for electrical vehicles: Topologies, power control strategies, and future trend" (2017). Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences -Papers: Part B. 1699.The state of the art of battery charging infrastructure for electrical vehicles: The state of the art of battery charging infrastructure for electrical vehicles: Topologies, power control strategies, and future trend Topologies, power control strategies, and future trend Abstract Abstract Electric vehicle battery (EVB) charger topologies play a vital role to increase the penetration of EVs. This paper reviews the status quo of EV battery (EVB) chargers in term of converter topologies, operation modes, and power control strategies for EVs. EVB Chargers are classified based on their power levels and power flow direction. Referring to power ratings, EV chargers can be divided into Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3. Level 1 and Level 2 are normally compatible with on-board chargers while Level 3 is used for an offboard charger. Unidirectional/bidirectional power flow can be obtained at all power levels. However, bidirectional power flow is usually designed for Level 3 chargers as it can provide the huge benefit of transferring power back to grid when needed. Moreover, the different operation modes of an EVB charger are also presented. There are two main modes: Grid-to-Vehicle (V1G or G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). The V2G mode helps bring EV batteries to become active distributed sources in smart grids and is the crucial solution for a high EV penetration. Future trend and authors' recommendations with preliminary simulation and experimental results are demonstrated in this paper. Abstract -Electric vehicle battery (EVB) charger topologies play a vital role to increase the penetration of EVs. This paper reviews the status quo of EV battery (EVB) chargers in term ofconverter topologies, operation modes, and power control strategies for EVs. EVB Chargers are classified based on their power levels and power flow direction. Referring to power ratings, EV chargers can be divided into Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3. Level 1 and Level 2 are normally compatible with onboard chargers while Level 3 is used for an off-board charger. Unidirectional/ bidirectional power flow can be obtained at all power levels. However, bidirectional power flow is usually designed for Level 3 chargers as it can provide the huge benefit of transferring power back to grid when needed. Moreover, the different operation modes of an EVB charger are also presented. There are two main modes: Grid-to-Vehicle (V1G or G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). The V2G mode helps bring EV batteries to become active distributed sources in smart grids and is the crucial solution for a high EV penetration. Future trend and authors' recommendations with preliminary simulation and experimental results are demonstrated in this paper. Index Terms-Electric vehicle battery (EVB), EV chargers, photovoltaic (PV) generation.

Energy-efficient converters for electric vehicle charging stations

“…As per the previous review papers [20][21][22][23][24][25], they have reviewed two-level AC-DC converters, conventional boost rectifier, zero-voltage transition (ZVT) converters, zero-current transition (ZCT) converters, ZVT-ZCT converters, interleaved boost PFC converters, bridgeless boost PFC converters, and bridgeless interleaved boost PFC converters for the EV charging stations based on the efficiency, power factor, and input current THD and this paper reviews the practical viability of the energy-efficient converters based on the efficiency, power factor, power density, input current THD, and simulation analysis of Vienna rectifier for EV charging stations is carried out. This paper presents a review of the recent batterycharging infrastructure for EVs in terms of converter topologies and power control strategies.…”

“…The MOSFET average ( I S avg ) and RMS current ( I S RMS ) are calculated by using Eqs. (19) and (20).…”

How Smart Metering and Smart Charging may Help a Local Energy Community in Collective Self-Consumption in Presence of Electric Vehicles

“…V2G goes beyond V1G as it also allows to reverse the power flow, therefore the electric vehicle is a programmable load and a programmable generator as well; so, V2G beats V1G since by implementing V2G, the achievable advantages are potentially greater than V1G. On the other hand, implementing V2G requires significant investments, greater than V1G; these significant investments are due to the fact that V1G and V2G impact battery-charge infrastructure in a very different way [34,35].…”

Smart Power Electronics–Based Solutions to Interface Solar-Photovoltaics (PV), Smart Grid, and Electrified Transportation: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects

“…This section presents several topologies of isolated/non-isolated DC-DC converters and AC-DC inverters to interface the PV, the grid, and the EVs/PHEVs, all of them classified depending on the stage where they can be used-the PV stage, AC grid stage, or charger stage for the EV. Several DC-DC and AC-DC converter topologies and their applications are discussed in references [13,17,22,25,29,33,34,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58].…”