The status of bovine brucellosis in Ethiopia with special emphasis on exotic and cross bred cattle in dairy and breeding farms

Asmare, Kassahun; Sibhat, Berhanu; Molla, Wassie; Ayelet, Gelagay; Shiferaw, Jirata; Martin, Adam Dunstan; Skjerve, Eystein; Godfroid, Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.02.015

Cited by 50 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Though there is insignificant association between parity and brucellosis seropositivity, the higher seroprevalence was observed in pluriparous (2.41%) than primiparous cattle (0.84%) in the study areas. The higher seroprevalence of brucellosis in the pluriarous cattle of this study was in line with Asmare et al (2013) who reported 2.5% in pluriparous dairy cattle and breeding farms with special emphasis on cross and exotic bred. With regard to serological test comparison, almost perfect agreement with significant association was observed between i-ELISA and CFT (K=0.839) whereas substantial agreement was found between CT (K=0.66) and RBPT (K=0.76) with CFT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In Ethiopia dairy cattle production systems are classified into rural smallholder (mixed crop-livestock) production, pastoral and agropastoral production, urban and peri-urban smallholder dairy production, and commercial dairy production systems (Asmare et al, 2013;Land O'Lakes, 2010). This study focuses on the latter two production systems.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bovine brucellosis is an infectious and contagious disease known for its impact on reproductive performance of cattle in Africa and is predominantly a disease of sexually mature animals (Rahman et al, 2012;Asmare et al, 2013). The disease is primarily caused by Brucella abortus and occasionally by Brucella melitensis where cattle are kept together with infected sheep or goats and characteristically associated with abortion at first gestation ("abortion storm" in naïve heifers) and is mainly caused by biovars (mainly biotype -1) of B. abortus (OIE, 2009a;Godfroid et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seropositivity and risk factors for Brucella in dairy cows in Asella and Bishoftu towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Geresu¹,

Ameni²,

Kassa³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted in Asella and Bishoftu towns of Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia to determine seropositivity and associated risk factors exposing dairy cattle to brucellosis from December, 2013 to March, 2014. A total of 570 dairy cattle from 35 herds were purposely selected for inclusion in the study based on abortion history. From 35 farms studied, 80, 55.56 and 100% of the farm owners in small, medium and large herd sizes responded as they were aware of brucellosis, respectively. It was also found out that all farm owners of the study area were dependent on culling of the known Brucella infected animals, while most of the farm owners dispose the after birth to open dump in small and medium herd size farms. All sera sample collected were tested and confirmed serologically using the card test (CT), rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), indirect enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (i-ELISA) and complement fixation test (CFT). Out of 570 samples tested in the present study, an overall sero prevalence was estimated 1.4% (95% CI: 0.241, 3.461) by complement fixation test (CFT). Among the tested samples, 13 (2.28%), 15 (2.63%) and 16 (2.81%) were found positive by the aforementioned tests, respectively. The higher seroprevalence, 3.23% (95% CI: 3.0, 7.4) was observed in Asella compared to Bishoftu (0.52%) town. A Chi-square computed statistical analysis indicated that origin (χ2=6.63; P<0.05), breed type (χ2= 8.49; P<0.05), abortion history (χ2=92.43; P<0.001) and abortion period (χ2=192.97; P<0.001) were the major risk factors for Brucella infection in the study areas. Multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis revealed that origin and breed type were significantly associated with Brucella seropositivity (P<0.05). Consequently, origin was statistically identified to be the major risk factor for brucellosis to occur in relation to other factors (OR=7.56). In conclusion, the prevailing Brucella seropositivity in most of the dairy farms of the study areas signifies the economic importance of brucellosis in the dairy cattle industry and the potential public health implication for human population. Therefore, more proactive measures should be taken to protect the cattle populations from Brucella infection to reduce its economic impact to the dairy industry and the risk of zoonotic infection in exposed human population in the study areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seropositivity and risk factors for Brucella in dairy cows in Asella and Bishoftu towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Geresu¹,

Ameni²,

Kassa³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…The seroprevalence estimates (Tables 3 and 4) and the number of animals per holder (Fig 6A–6D) are higher in the pastoral than in the mixed crop-livestock system. While the overall proportion of improved cattle (0.74%) is lower than that of the indigenous [111], the herd size is higher in commercial and breeding farms [37] than in the mixed system. Despite reproductive wastage being a feature of ruminant brucellosis, the effect of the disease differs by host species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucellosis Seropositivity in Animals and Humans in Ethiopia: A Meta-analysis

Tadesse

2016

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundThe objectives of this study were to assess the heterogeneities of estimates and to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals and humans in Ethiopia.Methods/Principal findingsData from 70 studies covering 75879 animals and 2223 humans were extracted. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) in series were the most frequently used serological tests. A random effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates. The overall True Prevalence of brucellosis seropositivity in goats and sheep were estimated at 5.3% (95%CI = 3.5, 7.5) and 2.7% (95%CI = 1.8, 3.4), respectively, and 2.9% for each of camels and cattle. The prevalence was higher in post-pubertal than in pre-pubertal animals (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.6, 3.7) and in the pastoral than in the mixed crop-livestock production system (OR = 2.8, 95%CI = 2.5, 3.2). The incidence rates of brucellosis in humans of pastoral and sedentary system origins were estimated at 160 and 28 per 100 000 person years, respectively.ConclusionsThe seroprevalence of brucellosis is higher in goats than in other species. Its occurrence is evocative of its importance in the country in general and in the pastoral system in particular. Public awareness creation could reduce the transmission of Brucella spp. from animals to humans and the potential of livestock vaccination as a means of control of brucellosis needs to be assessed.

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“…Another study in Ethiopia from 2003 to 2004 has reported a prevalence of 1.6% and a herd level prevalence of 13.7% [1]. A more recent study from 2011 to 2012 on exotic and crossbred dairy cattle and breeding farms has reported animal level prevalence of 1.9% and herd level prevalence of 10.6% in Ethiopia [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Rose Bengal, Complement Fixation, and Indirect ELISA Tests for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Ethiopia

Getachew¹,

Getachew²,

Sintayehu³

et al. 2016

Veterinary Medicine International

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Test evaluation in the absence of a gold standard test was conducted for the diagnosis and screening of bovine brucellosis using three commercially available tests including RBPT, CFT, and I-ELISA in National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center (NAHDIC) Ethiopia. A total of 278 sera samples from five dairy herds were collected and tested. Each serum sample was subjected to the three tests and the results obtained were recorded and the test outcomes were cross-classified to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the tests using Bayesian model. Prior information generated on the sensitivity and specificity of bovine brucellosis from published data was used in the model. The three test-one population Bayesian model was modified and applied using WinBug software with the assumption that the dairy herds have similar management system and unknown disease status. The Bayesian posterior estimate for sensitivity was 89.6 (95% PI: 79.9–95.8), 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3–99.1), and 94 (95% PI: 87.8–97.5) and for specificity was 84.5 (95% PI: 68–94.98), 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7–98.8), and 88.5 (95% PI: 81–93.8) for RBT, I-ELISA, and CFT, respectively. In this study I-ELISA was found with the best sensitivity and specificity estimates 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3–99.1) and 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7–98.8), compared to both CFT and RBPT.

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The status of bovine brucellosis in Ethiopia with special emphasis on exotic and cross bred cattle in dairy and breeding farms

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Seropositivity and risk factors for Brucella in dairy cows in Asella and Bishoftu towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Seropositivity and risk factors for Brucella in dairy cows in Asella and Bishoftu towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Brucellosis Seropositivity in Animals and Humans in Ethiopia: A Meta-analysis

Bayesian Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Rose Bengal, Complement Fixation, and Indirect ELISA Tests for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Ethiopia

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