The Stimulation of Leaf Respiration by Respiratory Inhibitors

MacDonald, Ian R.; Dekock, P. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1958.tb08243.x

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…of both the Cyt and alternative-path terminal oxidases. The stimulation of respiration by inhibitors of Cyt oxidase has been observed previously for mature leaves of carrot, Daucus carota (20), mustard, Sinapis alba, and belladonna, Atropa belladonna (19). The interaction between KCN and SHAM in inhibiting 02 uptake by soybean leaf tissue is consistent with the presence of an alternative path (5,7,16) and further suggests that KCN and NaN3 were stimiulating 02 uptake mainly by the SHAM-sensitive alternAtive path.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…This decline in leaf respiration has been attributed to the degeneration and consequent decrease in the biochemical efficiency of the mitochondria (11,26). Earlier reports indicated that, whereas the respiration of young leaves is inhibited, that of mature leaves is either resistant or even stimulated by inhibitors of the Cyt oxidase (19,20). It is noteworthy, however, that these earlier observations of respiratory stimulation were made before the discovery of specific inhibitors of the alternative pathway and therefore do not provide complete information regarding the possible involvement of the alternative pathway in these responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of KCN and Salicylhydroxamic Acid on Respiration of Soybean Leaves at Different Ages

Sesay

Stewart²,

Shibles³

1986

Plant Physiol.

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Measurements of respiration were made on leaf discs from glasshousegrown soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv 'Corsoy') plants in the presence and absence of cyanide (KCN) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM). 02 uptake by mature leaves measured at 25°C was stimulated by 1 millimolar KCN (63%) and also by 5 millimolar azide (79%).SHAM, an inhibitor of the alternative oxidase and a selection of other enzymes, also stimulated 02 uptake by itself at concentration of 10 millimolar. However, in combination, KCN and SHAM were inhibitory. The rate of 02 uptake declined consistently with leaf age. The stimulation of 02 uptake by KCN and by SHAM occurred only after a certain stage of leaf development had been reached and was more pronounced in fully expanded leaves. In young leaves, 02 uptake was inhibited by both KCN and SHAM individually. The uncoupler, p-trifluoromethoxy carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone, stimulated leaf respiration at all ages studied, the stimulation being more pronounced in fully expanded leaves. The uncoupled rate was inhibited by KCN and SHAM individually. The capacity of the cytochrome path declined with leaf age, paralleling the decline in total respiration. However, the capacity of the alternative path peaked at about full leaf expansion, exceeding the cytochrome capacity and remaining relatively constant. These results are consistent with the presence in soybean leaves of an alternative path capacity that seems to increase with age, and they suggest that the stimulation of 02 uptake by KCN and NaN3 in mature leaves was mainly by the SHAM-sensitive alternative path. The stimulation of 02 uptake by SHAM was not expected, and the reason for it is not clear.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of KCN and Salicylhydroxamic Acid on Respiration of Soybean Leaves at Different Ages

Sesay

Stewart²,

Shibles³

1986

Plant Physiol.

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“…As is well known, many plant tissues show respiration which is insensitive to cyanide or azide, and often also to carbon monoxide (see Tables XVI and XVII collected by Beevers [1]). In Atropa leaves, cyanide insensitivity develops with increasing age, and finally becomes a slight promotion (16). It was therefore of interest to determine the cyanide sensitivity of the respiration of the oat leaves here used, especially of older leaves.…”

Section: Properties Of the Respiratory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolism of Oat Leaves during Senescence

Tetley¹,

Thimann²

1974

Plant Physiol.

146

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When the detached first leaves of green or etiolated oat (Avena sativa cv. Victory) seedlings senesce in the dark, their oxygen consumption shows a large increase, beginning after 24 hours and reaching a peak of up to 2.5 times the initial rate by the 3rd day. This effect takes place while the chlorophyll of green leaves, or the carotenoid of etiolated leaves, is steadily decreasing. Kinetin, at a concentration which inhibits the decrease in pigment, completely prevents the respiratory rise; instead, the oxygen consumption drifts downwards. Lower kinetin concentrations have a proportional effect, 50% reduction of respiration being given by about 0.1 mg/l. About one-fifth of the respiratory rise may be attributed to the free amino acids which are liberated during senescence; several amino acids are shown to cause increases of almost 50% in the oxygen consumption when supplied at the concentrations of total amino acid present during senescence. A smaller part of the rise may also be due to soluble sugars liberated during senescence, largely coming from the hydrolysis of a presumptive fructosan. The remainder, and the largest part, of the increase is ascribed to a natural uncoupling of respiration from phosphorylation. This is deduced from the fact that dinitrophenol causes a similar large rise in the oxygen consumption of the fresh leaves or of leaf segments kept green with kinetin, but causes only a very small rise when the oxygen consumption is near its peak in senescent controls. The respiration of these leaves is resistant to cyanide, and 10 mM KCN even increases it by some 30%; in contrast, etiolated leaves of the same age, which undergo a similar rise in oxygen consumption over the same time period, show normal sensitivity to cyanide. The respiratory quotient during senescence goes down as low as 0.7, both with and without kinetin, though it is somewhat increased by supplying sugars or amino acids; glucose or alanine at 0.3 M bring it up to 1.0 and 0.87, respectively. N6-Benzylaminopurine and A-2-isopentenylaminopurine act similarly to kinetin in repressing the respiratory rise, the former being five times as active as kinetin, while the latter has only 1 % of the activity of kinetin. Zeatin also powerfully prevents senescence. Because the repression of the respiratory rise is shown by each cytokinin at the concentration at which it inhibits senescence, the action is ascribed in both cases to the maintenance of a tight coupling between respiration and phosphorylation. It is pointed out that such an effect would explain many features of cytokinin action.I This work was supported in part by Grants 35238X and 11867 from the National Science Foundation to K. V. Thimann.'This paper is dedicated to the memory of Solon A. Gordon because of his continued interest in plant metabolism and his many contributions to it, and in recognition of a long standing friendship.A change in the methodology of the senescence experiments is described and compared with the method previously used, and the influence of temperat...

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“…The increase in respiration of plant tissues treated with certain concentrations of inhibitors is well authenticated and there has been considerable interest in the mechanism of this stimulation (Hanes and Barker, 1931;Stenlid, 1949 a, b;Beevers, 1953;Simon, 1953;Daly and Brown, 1954;MacDonald and De Kock, 1958;McNulty and Lords, i960;Barker and Mapson, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies in the Respiratory and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Plant Tissues

Yoünis

1969

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYStrawberry leaves were fed with [^'''C] glucose either in water or in iodoacetate. The latter considerably increased the ^''^COj output and the permeability of the plasmalemma and the tonoplast as is evident from the increased leakage from the free and inner spaces of leaves. The time required to wash out the free space was most probably of the order of 10 minutes after which time the activity diffusing out was considered to come from the inner space.The magnitude of leakage of sugars was much higher in iodoacetate than in water. The rate of leakage of sugars was dependent on their content in the inner space.The results were thought to indicate that iodoacetate increased the accessibility in the metaholic region of substrates and enzymes normally not saturated with their substrates and so the increased respiration could be explained on this basis.

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The Stimulation of Leaf Respiration by Respiratory Inhibitors

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of KCN and Salicylhydroxamic Acid on Respiration of Soybean Leaves at Different Ages

Effects of KCN and Salicylhydroxamic Acid on Respiration of Soybean Leaves at Different Ages

The Metabolism of Oat Leaves during Senescence

Studies in the Respiratory and Carbohydrate Metabolism of Plant Tissues

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