The Stimulation of Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Activity and Its Relation with the Pyrenophora teres f. teres Infection in Different Barley Genotypes

Kunos, Viola; Cséplő, M.; Seress, Diána; Eser, Adnan; Kende, Zoltán; Uhrin, A.; Bányai, Judit; Bakonyi, J.; Pál, Magda; Mészáros, Katalin

doi:10.3390/su14052597

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Abnormal circumstances may give rise to the over-production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide 15 . As a member of the “antioxidant team” within the cells, the SOD enzyme catalyzes the depletion of the superoxide radical in order to reverse oxidative burst 54 . On the other hand, CAT has an extremely high turnover number and plays a crucial role in swiftly converting hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen 55 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of oxidative stress and multiple toxicity induced by Etoxazole

Macar

Çavuşoğlu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Etoxazole is among the systemic pesticides with acaricidal and insecticidal characteristics. This paper reports the first evaluation of the toxic effects of Etoxazole on Allium cepa L. Etoxazole solutions were applied to three groups formed from A. cepa bulbs at 0.125 mL/L, 0.25 mL/L and 0.5 mL/L doses, respectively. The control group was treated with tap water throughout the experimental period. The toxic effects of Etoxazole became more apparent as the dose of Etoxazole was increased. The growth-limiting effect was most pronounced in the highest dose group with approximately 29%, 70% and 58.5% reductions in germination percentage, root elongation and weight gain, respectively. The genotoxic effect of Etoxazole was most severe in the 0.5 mL/L dose group. In this group, the mitotic index decreased by 30% compared to the control group, while the micronucleus frequency increased to 45.3 ± 3.74. The most observed aberrations were fragment, vagrant chromosome, sticky chromosome, unequal distribution of chromatin, bridge, reverse polarization and nucleus with vacuoles. The malondialdehyde level showed a gradual increase with increasing Etoxazole doses and reached 2.7 times that of the control group in the 0.5 mL/L Etoxazole applied group. Catalase and Superoxide dismutase activities increased in the groups exposed to 0.125 mL/L and 0.25 mL/L Etoxazole with dose dependence and decreased abruptly in the group treated with 0.5 mL/L Etoxazole. Etoxazole triggered meristematic cell damages, such as epidermis cell damage, thickening of cortex cell walls, flattened cell nucleus and indistinct transmission tissue. Considering the versatile toxicity induced by Etoxazole, we announce that this chemical has the potential to cause serious damage to non-target organisms. It should be noted that the higher the dose of exposure, the more severe the level of damage. This study will be an important reminder to limit the indiscriminate use of this highly risky agrochemical.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of oxidative stress and multiple toxicity induced by Etoxazole

Macar

Çavuşoğlu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) content adopts the nitrogen blue tetrazolium reduction method ( Kunos et al., 2022 ). Weigh 0.2 g of fresh sample, add 10 mL of pH 7.8 phosphate buffer, grind to homogenate, centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 15 min, and the supernatant was the sample extract, an enzyme extract of 0.1 mL was added to reaction mixtures that contained phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), 0.75 mM p-Nitro-Blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT), 0.1 mM ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 130 mM methionine, 0.02 mM riboflavin, and 0.02 mM riboflavin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different doses of UV-B radiation affect pigmented potatoes’ growth and quality during the whole growth period

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionUltraViolet- Biological (UV-B) plays an important role in plant growth and the formation of nutrients, especially secondary metabolites.MethodsTo investigate the phenotypic changes, physiological responses, and internal genes expression of potatoes under enhanced UV-B radiation, two Yunnan native pigmented potatoes varieties named “Huaxinyangyu” and “Jianchuanhong” were exposed to different UV-B doses during whole growth duration.ResultsPearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that the agronomic characters (i.e. plant height, pitch, stem diameter, and root shoot ratio) of plants treated with low dose ultraviolet (T1) did not change significantly compared with the absence of ultraviolet radiation (CK), even unit yield increased slightly; Similarly, under low UV-B radiation, photosynthetic and physiological parameters (photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, respiration rate, and transpiration rate) of leaves were significantly increased. In addition, low-dose UV-B treatment promoted the synthesis of tuber nutrients (e.g. phenols, chlorogenic acids, flavonoids, vitamin C, anthocyanins) and increased the expression of structural genes for anthocyanin synthesis. The number of nutrients and gene expression in tubers raised by the “Huaxinyangyu” was the highest at 84 days, and “Jianchuanhong” was the highest at 72 days. However, the higher dose of UV-B radiation (T2) will cause greater damage to the pigmented potatoes plants, making the plants reduce the yield, and significantly reduce the tuber nutrients.DiscussionThis study showed that proper ultraviolet radiation will not harm pigmented potatoes, but also improve their oxidative stress tolerance, increase the structure genes expression of anthocyanins and continuously synthesize beneficial substances to improve the yield and quality of potato tubers.

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“…In fact, a slight induction of SOD expression was detected in a susceptible wheat cultivar infected with B. sorokiniana even in later periods of infection (72 and 96 h after inoculation), presumably associated with the development of tissue necrosis induced by ROS (Alkan et al 2022). Interestingly, when comparing different barley cultivars infected with the fungal pathogen Pyrephona teres causing necrotic symptoms, SOD enzyme activity was lowest at early time points after infection in the most resistant cultivar (Kunos et al 2022), implying that increased SOD activity is associated with susceptibility to necrotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens.…”

Section: •àmentioning

confidence: 95%

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

Künstler,

Füzék,

Schwarczinger

et al. 2023

Plant Biol J

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Heat stress alters plant defence responses to pathogens. Short‐term heat shock promotes infections by biotrophic pathogens. However, little is known about how heat shock affects infection by hemibiotrophic pathogens like Bipolaris sorokiniana (teleomorph: Cochliobolus sativus). We assessed the effect of heat shock in B. sorokiniana‐susceptible barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Ingrid) by monitoring leaf spot symptoms, B. sorokiniana biomass, ROS and plant defence‐related gene expression following pre‐exposure to heat shock. For heat shock, barley plants were kept at 49 °C for 20 s. B. sorokiniana biomass was assessed by qPCR, ROS levels determined by histochemical staining, while gene expression was assayed by RT‐qPCR. Heat shock suppressed defence responses of barley to B. sorokiniana, resulting in more severe necrotic symptoms and increased fungal biomass, as compared to untreated plants. Heat shock‐induced increased susceptibility was accompanied by significant increases in ROS (superoxide, H2O2). Transient expression of plant defence‐related antioxidant genes and a barley programmed cell death inhibitor (HvBI‐1) were induced in response to heat shock. However, heat shock followed by B. sorokiniana infection caused further transient increases in expression of HvSOD and HvBI‐1 correlated with enhanced susceptibility. Expression of the HvPR‐1b gene encoding pathogenesis‐related protein‐1b increased several fold 24 h after B. sorokiniana infection, however, heat shock further increased transcript levels along with enhanced susceptibility. Heat shock induces enhanced susceptibility of barley to B. sorokiniana, associated with elevated ROS levels and expression of plant defence‐related genes encoding antioxidants, a cell death inhibitor, and PR‐1b. Our results may contribute to elucidating the influence of heat shock on barley defence responses to hemibiotrophic pathogens.

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The Stimulation of Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Activity and Its Relation with the Pyrenophora teres f. teres Infection in Different Barley Genotypes

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Risk assessment of oxidative stress and multiple toxicity induced by Etoxazole

Risk assessment of oxidative stress and multiple toxicity induced by Etoxazole

Different doses of UV-B radiation affect pigmented potatoes’ growth and quality during the whole growth period

Heat shock‐induced enhanced susceptibility of barley to Bipolaris sorokiniana is associated with elevated ROS production and plant defence‐related gene expression

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