The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter

Ziegler, J. F.; Biersack, J.P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8103-1_3

Cited by 4,669 publications

(3,961 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, in terms of the initially encapsulated 225 Ac radioactivity: 0.17×0.94 = 16% and 0.15×0.73 = 11% of 213 Bi is delivered at the site of MUVELs and LLs, respectively. Also, consistent with our previous theoretical predictions, is the insignificant retention of 213 Bi (white circles) by small vesicles with sizes comparable to the recoil range of the α-emitting daughters (22).…”

Section: Retention Of 213 Bi By Liposomal Structuressupporting

confidence: 91%

Enhanced Retention of the α-Particle-Emitting Daughters of Actinium-225 by Liposome Carriers

et al. 2007

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Targeted α-particle emitters hold great promise as therapeutics for micrometastatic disease. Because of their high energy deposition and short range, tumor targeted α-particles can result in high cancercell killing with minimal normal-tissue irradiation. Actinium-225 is a potential generator for α-particle therapy: it decays with a 10-day half-life and generates three α-particle emitting daughters. Retention of 225 Ac daughters at the target increases efficacy; escape and distribution throughout the body increases toxicity. During circulation, molecular carriers conjugated to 225 Ac cannot retain any of the daughters. We previously proposed liposomal encapsulation of 225 Ac to retain the daughters, whose retention was shown to be liposome-size dependent. However, daughter retention was lower than expected: 22% of theoretical maximum decreasing to 14%, partially due to binding of 225 Ac to the phospholipid membrane. In this study, MUltiVEsicular Liposomes (MUVELs) composed of different phospholipids were developed to increase daughter retention. MUVELs are large liposomes with entrapped smaller lipid-vesicles containing 225 Ac. PEGylated MUVELs stably retained over time 98% of encapsulated 225 Ac. Retention of 213 Bi, the last daughter, was 31% of the theoretical maximum retention of 213 Bi for the liposome sizes studied. MUVELs were conjugated to an anti-HER2/neu antibody (immunolabeled MUVELs), and were evaluated in vitro with SKOV3-NMP2 ovarian cancer cells, exhibiting significant cellular internalization (83%). This work demonstrates that immunolabeled MUVELs could be able to deliver higher fractions of generated α-particles per targeted 225 Ac compared to the relative fractions of α-particles delivered by 225 Ac-labeled molecular carriers.

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Section: Retention Of 213 Bi By Liposomal Structuressupporting

confidence: 91%

Enhanced Retention of the α-Particle-Emitting Daughters of Actinium-225 by Liposome Carriers

et al. 2007

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“…2 is that there must be lateral atomic flow of matter along the sample surface and into the pore, in addition to the transport of matter away from the sample surface and pore region by the ion sputter erosion process. That this is a surface, or near surface, phenomenon is strongly suggested by the fact that computer simulations have shown that the ion beam energy is deposited within less than 5 nm of the sample surface 19 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-beam sculpting at nanometre length scales

Li¹,

Stein

McMullan

et al. 2001

Nature

1,572

1,427

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“…Indium diffusion to the surface of irradiated samples is preferable in the material heated at the temperature below 600°C. For the samples heated at the temperature above 600-700°C the depth distribution of implanted atoms is constant and the theoretical depth Rp + ΔRp = 88.2 nm was calculated with the TRIM code [9] (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermal Annealing on Optical Properties of Implanted Gaas

1999

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GaAs samples doped with indium atoms by ion implantation and thermal annealed were studied using a channelling method, Rutherford backscattering, and an ellipsometry. From these measurements it was observed that the layer implanted with 3 x 10 16 cm -2 indium dose was totally damaged and its optical properties, namely a refraction index n and an extinction coefficient k r corresponded to the amorphous material. Subsequent isobaric heating of the implanted samples resulted in recovery of the crystalline structures with simultaneous change of the n and k index values.

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The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter

Cited by 4,669 publications

References 29 publications

Enhanced Retention of the α-Particle-Emitting Daughters of Actinium-225 by Liposome Carriers

Enhanced Retention of the α-Particle-Emitting Daughters of Actinium-225 by Liposome Carriers

Ion-beam sculpting at nanometre length scales

Effect of Thermal Annealing on Optical Properties of Implanted Gaas

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