The Story of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Iran

Abstract

Iran, a developing country with a population of approximately 71,000,000, is the most populous country in the Middle East and the 16th most populous in the world. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is US$8900 and total health expenditure is approximately 6% of GDP. The total number of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients reported by the Management Center for Transplantation and Special Diseases (MCTSD) was 32,686 in 2007, which denotes a prevalence of 466 per million population (pmp) in Iran. Considering the growth rate of 12%, the expected number of ESRD patients in 2010 is 40,000; incidence of ESRD is expected to be 63.8 pmp. These numbers are lower compared to developed countries, which may suggest poor referral and under-diagnosis of ESRD. In Iran at present, hemodialysis (HD) and renal transplantation are the most common renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities, accounting for 47.7% and 48.8% of prevalent RRT patients respectively. Based on the Iran Dialysis Center report of 2001, approximately 1% of ESRD patients were being treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD); this number increased to approximately 3.5% (6.8% of total dialysis patients) in 2006. In the present article, reasons for underutilization of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and improvements in PD within the past 5 years will be reviewed.

Graft survival rate of renal transplantation during a period of 10 years in Iran

“…[ 2 ] Usually, these patients are treated by hemodialysis,[ 3 ] kidney transplantation,[ 4 ] and peritoneal dialysis. [ 5 6 ] These RRTs were started in Iran in 1964, 1967, and 1975 and at present kidney transplantation is the most common among them in Iran (48.8%). [ 2 7 ] Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for most patients with ESRD and is far more profitable than hemodialysis.…”

Predictors of long-term survival of hemodialysis patients in Hamadan province, west of Iran

“…However, as controversy in some countries like Iran and other developing countries a rising trend in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension as the most leading causes of ESRD are detected, which leads to increasing proportion of hemodialysis (HD) centers (3)(4)(5). In Iran, HD represents the main way of RRT for ESRD patients (6). HD treatment for ESRD patients in this country is free of charge.…”

Risk Factors for Mortality in Chinese Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

“…Peritoneal dialysis was first described as a renal replacement therapy in the late 1970s (1) and its use has increased considerably worldwide in the past decades (2,3). The home-based nature of this modality gives it an advantage over in-center hemodialysis in many parts of the world.…”