The stranger in the German energy system? How energy system requirements misalign with household preferences for flexible heat pumps

Globisch, Joachim; Kühnbach, Matthias; Dütschke, Elisabeth; Bekk, Anke

doi:10.1016/j.erss.2020.101604

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…From a modelling perspective, integrating demand flexibility into our framework is possible but depends vastly on the use of demand flexibility: If flexibility use aims at the market integration of RES, flexible demand should be shifted in order to flatten the national residual load. This could be added at the interface between the hourly demand model eLOAD and the power plant dispatch in PowerACE (both have already been demonstrated, e.g., in [48] for eLOAD and [49] for PowerACE). Alternatively, flexible demand could be applied in the local or national management of grid congestions.…”

Section: Discussion Of Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Germany’s Future Congestion Management from a Multi-Model Approach

et al. 2020

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In Germany, the political decision to phase out nuclear and coal-fired power as well as delays in the planned grid extension are expected to intensify the current issue of high grid congestion volumes. In this article, we investigate two instruments which may help to cope with these challenges: market splitting and the introduction of a capacity mechanism. For this purpose, we carry out a comprehensive system analysis by jointly applying the demand side models FORECAST and eLOAD, the electricity market model PowerACE and the optimal power flow model ELMOD. While a German market splitting has a positive short-term impact on the congestion volumes, we find the optimal zonal delimination determined for 2020 to become outdated by 2035 resulting in new grid bottlenecks. Yet, readjusting the zonal configuration would lower the ability of the market split to provide regional investment incentives. Introducing a capacity mechanism with a congestion indicator allows allocating new power plants in regions with higher electricity demand. Consequently, we find the required congestion management to be substantially reduced in this setting. However, given the large amount of design parameters, any capacity mechanism needs to be carefully planned before its introduction to avoid new inefficiences on the market side.

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Section: Discussion Of Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Germany’s Future Congestion Management from a Multi-Model Approach

et al. 2020

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The potential of decentral heat pumps as flexibility option for decarbonised energy systems

Schöniger,

Mascherbauer,

Resch

et al. 2024

Energy Efficiency

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Decarbonising the energy system requires high shares of variable renewable generation and sector coupling like power to heat. In addition to heat supply, heat pumps can be used in future energy systems to provide flexibility to the electricity system by using the thermal storage potential of the building stock and buffer tanks to shift electricity demand to hours of high renewable electricity production. Bridging the gap between two methodological approaches, we coupled a detailed building technology operation model and the open-source energy system model Balmorel to evaluate the flexibility potential that decentral heat pumps can provide to the electricity system. Austria in the year 2030 serves as an example of a 100% renewable-based electricity system (at an annual national balance). Results show that system benefits from heat pump flexibility are relatively limited in extent and concentrated on short-term flexibility. Flexible heat pumps reduce system cost, CO2 emissions, and photovoltaics and wind curtailment in all scenarios. The amount of electricity shifted in the assessed standard flexibility scenario is 194 GWhel and accounts for about 20% of the available flexible heat pump electricity demand. A comparison of different modelling approaches and a deterministic sensitivity analysis of key input parameters complement the modelling. The most important input parameters impacting heat pump flexibility are the flexible capacity (determined by installed capacity and share of control), shifting time limitations, and cost assumptions for the flexibility provided. Heat pump flexibility contributes more to increasing low residual loads (up to 22% in the assessed scenarios) than decreasing residual load peaks. Wind power integration benefits more from heat pump flexibility than photovoltaics because of the temporal correlation between heat demand and wind generation.

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