“…The ex ante perspective addresses the optimal design of patent pools (Lerner and Tirole, , ; Brenner, ), the role of regulators (Gilbert, , , ), the timing of patent pool formation (Lévêque and Ménière, ), the effects of patent pool formation on firms’ behaviors and their incentives to engage in R&D (Baron and Pohlman, ; Dequiedt and Versaevel, ), and the determinants of the decision to (not) join patent pools (Layne‐Farrar and Lerner, ). The ex post perspective sheds light on how patent pools affect innovation, patent integration strategies and industry structures, and the consequences of increasing technological complexity on patent pools (Baron and Delcamp, ; Joshi and Nerkar, ; de Uijl et al ., ; Vakili, ; Wen et al ., ). In Table , we provide a non‐exhaustive list of these works and their contributions.…”