The Stratum Corneum: The Rampart of the Mammalian Body

Expression patterns of superficial epidermal adhesion molecules in an experimental dog model of acute atopic dermatitis skin lesions

“…Corneodesmosin, as it covers lower SC desmosomes, prevents their early proteolytic digestion by proteases released from lamellar bodies in the upper stratum granulosum; this function of CDSN prevents an early SC desquamation . Given that SC removal facilitates allergen sensitization in dogs as in other species, the HDM‐associated degradation of CDSN staining could, hypothetically, lead to an early SC desquamation and secondarily increase allergen penetration and development of sensitization.…”

“…A functional skin barrier is not only dependent upon the presence of well‐formed SC lipid lamellae, but it relies also on normal and effective adhesion structures that prevent an early SC desquamation and/or the transepidermal migration of solutes and small molecules; these responsibilities are ascribed to corneodesmosomes and tight junctions (TJs), respectively …”

Increased filaggrin‐metabolizing enzyme activity in atopic skin: a pilot study using a canine model of atopic dermatitis

“…1,2 Filaggrin and its metabolites are also essential for skin barrier function and hydration of the stratum corneum. 1,2 Its processing involves a complex interaction of multiple proteolytic enzymes in a highly coordinated fashion. 3 Two main steps have been identified in FLG metabolism: the breakdown of profilaggrin into FLG monomers, and the final proteolytic cleavage of FLG into free amino acids and small peptides known as natural moisturizing factors (NMF).…”

Expressions of isopeptide bonds and corneodesmosin in middle ear cholesteatoma

“…Previous studies have reported a decrease in the expressions of filaggrin and claudins in cholesteatoma, which in parallel causes the increased permeability of this tissue. In addition, secreted lipids, such as ceramides, cholesterol and long‐chain free fatty acids, function as mortar in the epidermis, and are responsible for epidermal impermeability . The mechanical fragility of the epidermis depends on not only CDSN but also other structural proteins including keratins, filaggrin, invoculin, loricrin, envoplakin and periplakin .…”

“…20 The mechanical fragility of the epidermis depends on not only CDSN but also other structural proteins including keratins, filaggrin, invoculin, loricrin, envoplakin and periplakin. 20 Expressions of these components as well as the mechanism by which CDSN synthesis is regulated remain to be further investigated in future studies. One of the potential research tools would be the molecular spectroscopy, which is multiwavelength reflectance and autofluorescence imaging, and provides a label-free, real-time, non-invasive means of analyzing chemical components in tissues even in vivo.…”