The Strength of Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Sawn Timber in Correlation with Selected Wood Defects

Abstract

Pine timber of Polish origin intended for structural purposes is characterized by significant variability in the quality parameters. Technological suitability determined on the basis of relevant international classifications is based on the assessment of both selected mechanical and physical properties of wood. Moreover, the description of visual properties is also a valuable indicator regarding defect distribution. In the group of quality features playing a crucial role in the classification of sawn timber, there are knots, disruptions of grains, cracks, etc. Thus, the aim of the research was to determine the correlation between the presence of selected defects and the strength properties of individual timber pieces. This type of study is based on a nondestructive test method that allows for high optimization of sawn materials processing. In the case of sawn timber of Polish origin, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) determined using the sonic test is commonly used as a criterion. The research material was harvested from southern Poland. The results of the conducted studies confirmed a correlation between an increasing occurrence of particular types of defects and the results of MOE. Furthermore, as a result of the performed investigations, no significant effect of narrow surface cracks on strength properties was observed.

Fibre-Reinforced Polymers and Steel for the Reinforcement of Wooden Elements—Experimental and Numerical Analysis

“…Numerous studies show a strong correlation between the severity of basic defects in wood on the variability of strength. This is reflected in the results of the study [49,50].…”

Elements of Designing Upholstered Furniture Sandwich Frames Using Finite Element Method

“…In case of modeling of the strength of long stiles for the A-C frame, the selection of solid pine raw material classified according to the assumptions of visual standards PN 94021:2013 [ 57 ] was made, which, according to the appendix of PN-EN 338 [ 55 ], were assumed to be in accordance with the division into classes KW—corresponding to C30: the strength of 30 N/mm 2 , KS—corresponding to C24: 24 N/mm 2 [ 6 , 55 , 58 , 59 ]. These studies were supported by the verification of defects in the form of threading, knots, fiber twist, or multilaminar connection errors for semi-finished length-jointed stiles, shown as the basic elements to be evaluated in the optimization process of modeling [ 60 , 61 ]. For D-F short stiles, the model values reached the level of KS—corresponding to C24: 24 N/mm 2 and KG—corresponding to C16:16 N/mm 2 strength [ 55 ].…”

Az alkalmazott művészet létmódjai és a kreatív ipar kihívásai napjainkban : Faipari Mérnöki és Kreatívipari Kar tudományos kiadványa

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