The Strength of the Ankle Dorsiflexors Has a Significant Contribution to Walking Speed in People Who Can Walk Independently After Stroke: An Observational Study

Dorsch, Simone; Ada, Louise; Canning, Colleen G.; Al-Zharani, Matar; Dean, Catherine M.

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.01.005

Cited by 86 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Isometric hip flexors, knee extensors, and plantar flexors muscle force production for each leg were measured with a MicroFET 2 handheld dynamometer (Hoggan-Health industries) [25]. The subject was instructed to remain in a supine position and the dynamometer was placed in standardized regions, according to the muscle group being tested.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

No Change in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Following a Single Session of Light to-Moderate Intensity Walk in Chronic Stroke Patients

Silva¹,

Morais²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

J Neurol Disord

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were asked to push as hard as possible for 5 seconds while the investigator matched the resistance. Participants performed 3 maximal-effort trials with a 1-minute rest period between the trials, considering the average of these measures [25]. The values obtained in the muscle strength testing were expressed in pounds (lbs).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Change in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Following a Single Session of Light to-Moderate Intensity Walk in Chronic Stroke Patients

Silva¹,

Morais²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

J Neurol Disord

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“…Weakness of the lower limb (LL) muscles may lead to limitations in the ability to perform functional tasks, such as gait (4,5), stair ascent and descent (6), and sit-tostand transfers (7) and increases in energy expenditure to perform these tasks (6). Strength impairments of the LL muscles in subjects with stroke can increase the risk of falls 2.9 times, when compared with healthy subjects (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strength impairments of the LL muscles in subjects with stroke can increase the risk of falls 2.9 times, when compared with healthy subjects (8). Muscular strengthening programs (7,9,10) may modify these strength deficits, that affect gait speed (5) and functional mobility (7,9,10). Therefore, muscular strength must be carefully assessed, to guide clinical decision-making in stroke rehabilitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the strength of the lower limb muscles in subjects with stroke with portable dynamometry: a literature review

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Weakness of the lower limb muscles, which are the main impairments after stroke, is associated with reduced mobility and decreased performance in functional tasks. Therefore, the assessment of strength of these muscles is necessary, which is commonly assessed with portable dynamometry. Aims: To perform a literature review regarding the methods used to assess lower limb strength with portable dynamometry in subjects with stroke and to describe its investigated measurement properties with this population. Materials and Methods: An extensive search was performed on the MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, and PEDro databases, by combining specific key words, followed by active manual search by two independent researchers. Results and Discussion: Thirty studies were included, and the muscular groups of the knee (90%) were the most assessed, followed by the ankle (66.7%) and hip (63.3%) joints. In 5% of the studies, there were not reported any descriptions related to the positioning of the subjects and the equipment, neither regarding the stabilization procedures. Only 50% provided information regarding the number of trials and only 46.7% regarding the contraction times, being three trials and 5s the most commonly applied. Only 10% provided feedback and 23.3% demonstrations, prior to data collection. Only seven studies (23.3%) investigated the measurement properties of portable dynamometry and reported moderate to high reliability levels. Final Considerations: The protocols used for the assessment of the strength of the lower limb muscles with portable dynamometry in subjects with stroke were not standardized. Moreover, only one measurement property was investigated: the reliability, which was considered adequate.

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“…gait endurance and gait speed) (Danielsson et al, 2011;Hall et al, 2011;Patterson et al, 2007) and functional mobility outcomes (OR 2.27, p = .03) at follow-up assessments (Eng and Tang, 2007). Further, increased ankle dorsiflexion and knee extensor strength has a positive effect on gait speed and endurance after stroke (Dorsch et al, 2012;Moriello et al, 2011). Faster gait speed, greater gait endurance and higher scores of functional mobility are related to improved free-living ambulation outcomes after stroke (see below) (Fulk et al, 2010;Lord et al, 2004).…”

Section: Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulation recovery after stroke

Mahendran¹

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Most stroke survivors regard successful independent ambulation important. However, ambulation recovery is limited following stroke. Historically, limited availability of objective tools and measures to characterise free-living ambulation recovery has restricted investigation of this outcome after survivors return home. However, commercially available devices, including accelerometers and portable global positioning systems, are now available. Thus, this thesis aimed to characterise free-living ambulation recovery over the first six months after stroke survivors returned home from hospital and determine what factors at discharge contributed to ambulation recovery across this time.The first study of this thesis investigated the concurrent validity and retest reliability of accelerometers (ActivPAL TM and Sensewear Pro 2 Armband) and global positioning systems (GPS) (Garmin forerunner 405CX) to measure free-living ambulation after stroke. Measures of step counts, time spent walking, energy expenditure, distance and location were taken during walking tasks that impose demands similar to those encountered when walking in the community as well as free-living community ambulation over four days. This study determined that the ActivPAL TM was valid and reliable for measuring ambulation after stroke. The GPS was valid and reliable for all measures except distance, whereas the Sensewear Pro 2 Armband recorded with high error during all walking tests.The second study aimed to characterise ambulation activity after stroke across the first six months following discharge from hospital and investigate how ambulation activity changed across this time period. Free-living ambulation activity was measured over four days using the ActivPAL TM accelerometer at one, three and six months after stroke survivors left hospital. Measures of volume (daily step counts and time spent walking, sitting/lying, standing and upright), frequency (total number of ambulation bouts; number of bouts and total time spent in short, medium and long duration ambulation bouts) and intensity (number of bouts and total time per day spent in low, moderate and high intensity ambulation bouts) of ambulation activity were collected. This study highlighted that volume of ambulation activity was low across the first six months following hospital discharge, with a majority of ambulation bouts short and low in intensity. Stroke survivors rarely engaged in long duration and high intensity ambulation bouts across the first six months.Daily volume of ambulation activity increased from one month to both three and six months after iv discharge from hospital through an increase in medium duration and moderate intensity ambulation only.The third study aimed to determine what factors at discharge were related to and predicted ambulation activity outcomes over the first six months following hospital discharge in stroke.Factors including age, fatigue, mood, executive function, gait speed, gait endurance, perceived stroke recovery, pre-stroke physical activity, ambulat...

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The Strength of the Ankle Dorsiflexors Has a Significant Contribution to Walking Speed in People Who Can Walk Independently After Stroke: An Observational Study

Cited by 86 publications

References 28 publications

No Change in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Following a Single Session of Light to-Moderate Intensity Walk in Chronic Stroke Patients

No Change in Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Following a Single Session of Light to-Moderate Intensity Walk in Chronic Stroke Patients

Assessment of the strength of the lower limb muscles in subjects with stroke with portable dynamometry: a literature review

Ambulation recovery after stroke

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