The stress – Reproductive axis in fish: The involvement of functional neuroanatomical systems in the brain

Ganesh, C.B.

doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101904

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Both compounds share a biosynthetic route from the amino acid tyrosine and seem to functionally overlap to a certain extent in vertebrates ( Ranjbar-Slamloo and Fazlali, 2020 ). The dopaminergic system in fish is known to be involved in processes such as locomotor activity, learning, motivation, reward, reproduction, stress, and social behavior including aggression, dominance, and interspecific interactions, as observed between cleaner and client fish ( Summers and Winberg, 2006 ; Gesto et al, 2013 ; Soares, 2017 ; Ganesh, 2021 ). Among those functions, both stress-related factors and the social interaction with the introduced salmon might have been involved in the observed changes in the lumpfish brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohabitation With Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Brain Neuromodulators But Not Welfare Indicators in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

et al. 2022

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Lumpfish are utilized to combat ectoparasitic epidemics in salmon farming. Research gaps on both cleaning behavior and client preferences in a natural environment, emphasizes the need to investigate the physiological impacts on lumpfish during cohabitation with piscivorous Atlantic salmon. Lumpfish (39.9 g, S.D ± 8.98) were arranged in duplicate tanks (n = 40 per treatment) and exposed to Live Atlantic salmon (245.7 g, S.D ± 25.05), salmon Olfaction or lifelike salmon Models for 6 weeks. Growth and health scores were measured every second week. In addition, the final sampling included measurements of neuromodulators, body color, and plasma cortisol. A stimulation and suppression test of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis was used for chronic stress assessment. Results showed that growth, health scores, and body color remained unaffected by treatments. Significant reductions in levels of brain dopamine and norepinephrine were observed in Live compared to Control. Plasma cortisol was low in all treatments, while the stimulation and suppression test of the HPI axis revealed no indications of chronic stress. This study presents novel findings on the impact on neuromodulators from Atlantic salmon interaction in the lumpfish brain. We argue that the downregulation of dopamine and norepinephrine indicate plastic adjustments to cohabitation with no negative effect on the species. This is in accordance with no observed deviations in welfare measurements, including growth, health scores, body color, and stress. We conclude that exposure to salmon or salmon cues did not impact the welfare of the species in our laboratory setup, and that neuromodulators are affected by heterospecific interaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohabitation With Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Brain Neuromodulators But Not Welfare Indicators in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

et al. 2022

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“…Behavior patterns during stress acclimation exhibited a property of energy reallocation to enhance behaviors that are more essential to survival. The Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal (HPA/HPI) axis is main pathway to regulate physiological state and behaviors for coping with stress ( Suarez-Bregua et al, 2018 ; Ganesh, 2021 ). Various stressor activated the HPA/HPI axis, which induced anxiety like behavior, reduced foraging and reproductive behaviors ( Beitinger, 1990 ; Harris and Carr, 2016 ; Abreu et al, 2018 ; Filipsson et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Effects Of the Internal Status On Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Behavior as a Neural Proxy to Reveal Physiological States

Horng

Chou

2022

Front. Physiol.

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Behaviors are the integrative outcomes of the nervous system, which senses and responds to the internal physiological status and external stimuli. Teleosts are aquatic organisms which are more easily affected by the surrounding environment compared to terrestrial animals. To date, behavioral tests have been widely used to assess potential environmental risks using fish as model animals. In this review, we summarized recent studies regarding the effects of internal and external stimuli on fish behaviors. We concluded that behaviors reflect environmental and physiological changes, which have possible implications for environmental and physiological assessments.

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“…30 The other selected steroids included the progestogens, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxypregnenone and 17α,20β,21-trihydroxypregnenone, for their well-known role as pheromones and maturation inducing steroids in fish 31 and the corticosteroids, cortisol and its precursor 11-deoxycortisol, as key regulators of stress responses and potential interaction with the reproductive axes. 32 The cholesterol derived metabolite Pregnenolone was also monitored. Sole (Solea senegalensis) tissues analyzed were plasma, muscle and ovaries, and for the first time, eggs and larvae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E2, the main fish estrogen, and its precursor, E1, were chosen as representative estrogens (C18 steroids), whereas 11-KT, the main fish androgen, and its precursors, 11OHT and T on one hand and 11KA4 and 11OHA4 on the other, all relevant in fish testicular development, were chosen within the androgenic pathway (C19 steroids). , Two additional C19 steroids were monitored, A4 as the key entrance for the C18–C19 steroid metabolism and DHT, a well-known major androgen in mammals and a compound recently identified as a potentially relevant steroid in teleost fish . The other selected steroids included the progestogens, progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxypregnenone, and 17α,20β,21-trihydroxypregnenone, for their well-known role as pheromones and maturation-inducing steroids in fish and the corticosteroids, cortisol and its precursor, 11-deoxycortisol, as key regulators of stress responses and potential interaction with the reproductive axes . The cholesterol-derived metabolite pregnenolone was also monitored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Strategy for Identification and Quantification of 13 Steroids in Sole (Solea senegalensis) Tissues, Eggs, and Larvae for Application in Aquaculture Studies of Reproduction

Serrano¹,

Beltrán²,

Piquer

et al. 2021

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Knowing the levels of steroids in fish is crucial to understand the reproductive processes during fish development and for reproductive success in aquaculture facilities. Although some of these compounds are present at very low concentrations, they play a relevant role in reproduction processes. Therefore, very sensitive and reliable analytical methodology is required for their accurate determination. In this work, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with triple quadrupole has been optimized for the identification and quantification of 13 steroids in plasma, muscle and ovaries of sole (Solea senegalensis) and, for the first time, in fish eggs and larvae. This is noteworthy because studying fish development in early stages could be the key to solving the reproductive problems observed in farmed specimens. Different strategies have been applied to solve analytical challenges such as matrix effects or the small amount of sample available. Compounds selected include progestagens (progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxypregnenone, 17α,20β,21trihydroxypregnenone), androgens (androstenedione, 11β-hydroxiandrostenedione, 11ketoandrostenedione, testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, 11-ketotestosterone), estrogens (estrone, estradiol), and corticosteroids (cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol). The methodology was validated in terms of accuracy (between 73-131%) and precision (relative standard deviations below 24%), at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/mL for plasma, 0.1 ng/g for muscle and eggs, and 0.5 ng/g for ovaries and larvae. The application of the developed methodology to the analysis of samples from captive fish has allowed to identify and quantify steroids at sub-ng/mL or sub-ng/g.

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The stress – Reproductive axis in fish: The involvement of functional neuroanatomical systems in the brain

Cited by 33 publications

References 147 publications

Cohabitation With Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Brain Neuromodulators But Not Welfare Indicators in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

Cohabitation With Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Affects Brain Neuromodulators But Not Welfare Indicators in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)

Fish Behavior as a Neural Proxy to Reveal Physiological States

Analytical Strategy for Identification and Quantification of 13 Steroids in Sole (Solea senegalensis) Tissues, Eggs, and Larvae for Application in Aquaculture Studies of Reproduction

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