“…Several researchers showed that meeting minimum measured densities of finished asphalt pavement projects is not enough as a criterion to guarantee meeting the design service life. Meeting relative densities or specified compaction values of newly constructed asphalt mixes may not reflect the actual defects that exist in the finished pavement [Mostafa, 2005;Abd El Halim and Mostafa, 2006;Abd El Halim, et al, 2009;Brown, et al, 2004;Abd El Halim, et al, 2012;Hammoud, 2010a;Hammoud, 2010b]. For example, defects such as construction-induced cracks resulting from the use of the current compaction method can lead to high permeability values of the finished surface while achieving the minimum compaction requirements given in Table 2.1.…”