The Structure and Evolution of Gap Outflow over the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico

Steenburgh, W. James; Schultz, David M.; Colle, Brian A.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<2673:tsaeog>2.0.co;2

Cited by 139 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The actual wind speed would be smaller than these values because of the friction. This situation and these results are generally in agreement with the gap wind over the Gulf of Tehuantepec in previous studies (Schultz et al, 1997;Steenburgh et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A discussion on the existence of the anomalous high and the anomalous low

2015

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. The air flow in a three-way balance between the Coriolis force, the centrifugal force and the pressure gradient force, i.e., the gradient wind, is discussed. The author studies formation mechanisms and possible existence of four types of gradient wind (the normal high, the normal low, the anomalous high and the anomalous low), and proposes reasonable explanation of the evolution of the gradient wind, especially for the anomalous high and the anomalous low, both of which are considered to be pure mathematical solutions and are overlooked in classic literature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A discussion on the existence of the anomalous high and the anomalous low

2015

Ann. Geophys.

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“…The inshore flow is clearly observed to the south of the TG, especially within the secondary gaps to the south, the Afar basin, and the base of the EH. This wide swath of influence of the jet and its curvature and recirculation parallel characteristics observed in simulations of the Tehuantepec gap jet (Steenburgh et al 1998). An estimate of the magnitude of moisture transported is presented next.…”

Section: B Latent Heat Fluxessupporting

confidence: 69%

The Tokar Gap Jet: Regional Circulation, Diurnal Variability, and Moisture Transport Based on Numerical Simulations

2015

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The structure, variability, and regional connectivity of the Tokar Gap jet (TGJ) are described using WRF Model analyses and supporting atmospheric datasets from the East African-Red Sea-Arabian Peninsula (EARSAP) region during summer 2008. Sources of the TGJ's unique quasi-diurnal nature and association with atypically high atmospheric moisture transport are traced back to larger-scale atmospheric dynamics influencing its forcing. These include seasonal shifts in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), variability of the monsoon and North African wind regimes, and ties to other orographic flow patterns. Strong modulation of the TGJ by regional processes such as the desert heating cycle, wind convergence at the ITCZ surface front, and the local land-sea breeze cycle are described. Two case studies present the interplay of these influences in detail. The first of these was an ''extreme'' gap wind event on 12 July, in which horizontal velocities in the Tokar Gap exceeded 26 m s 21 and the flow from the jet extended the full width of the Red Sea basin. This event coincided with development of a large mesoscale convective complex (MCC) and precipitation at the entrance of the Tokar Gap as well as smaller gaps downstream along the Arabian Peninsula. More typical behavior of the TGJ during the 2008 summer is discussed using a second case study on 19 July. Downwind impact of the TGJ is evaluated using Lagrangian model trajectories and analysis of the lateral moisture fluxes (LMFs) during jet events. These results suggest means by which TGJ contributes to large LMFs and has potential bearing upon Sahelian rainfall and MCC development.

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“…Cross sectional plots along mainstream of the narrow jet (not shown) suggests that the jet flow channeling through Chisapani Gap is about 500m deep and the intensity of wind at gap entrance is rather weak compared to that at the exit in consistence with the research findings on the nature of the gap flows in Alpine valleys (Flamant et al 2002, Overland 1984, Scorer 1952, Dorman et al 1995 and also in Chivela Pass (Steenburgh et al 1998). …”

Section: Sangeeta Maharjan and Ram P Regmimentioning

confidence: 55%

“…2b-c). The anticyclonic deflection of gap wind noses have been reported in other parts of the world, particularly, when strong gap wind flushes into the oceans (Parmenter 1970, Stumpf 1975, Legeckis 1988, Schultz et al 1997, Steenburgh et al 1998. Anticyclonic deflection of gap wind over flat land surface is, thus, of particular interest and is worth to explore further since such phenomena, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far.…”

Section: Sangeeta Maharjan and Ram P Regmimentioning

confidence: 87%

Diurnal Wind Characteristics in and around Chisapani Confluence of Karnali River in Mid-Western Nepal

Maharjan

Regmi

2015

J. Inst. Sci. Tech.

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The mountain gap flow characteristics in and around the Chisapani mountain gap of Karnali River basin has been numerically simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to understand its spatial and temporal characteristics and its implications. The model was initialized with NCEP initial and boundary conditions to carry continuous integrations 168 long hours to identify the general flow field during early springtime. The river valley accumulates channels and flushes a narrow jet stream of about 10 ms -1 in speed and 500 m in its depth into the vast southern plain via Chisapani mountain gap during night and morning time whereas in the afternoon, the mountain feeds up-valley wind of about 4 ms -1 from the southern plain up into the Karnali River basin.

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The Structure and Evolution of Gap Outflow over the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico

Cited by 139 publications

References 42 publications

A discussion on the existence of the anomalous high and the anomalous low

A discussion on the existence of the anomalous high and the anomalous low

The Tokar Gap Jet: Regional Circulation, Diurnal Variability, and Moisture Transport Based on Numerical Simulations

Diurnal Wind Characteristics in and around Chisapani Confluence of Karnali River in Mid-Western Nepal

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