The Structure and Invariance of a Model of Social Functioning in Schizophrenia

Brekke, John S.; Long, Jeffrey D.; Kay, Diane

doi:10.1097/00005053-200202000-00001

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The score on the self and present life subscale among clients in this study (mean = 2.2 ± .85) is similar to the mean score reported by Test and colleagues (16) of Program for Assertive Community Treatment clients living independently in the community (mean = 2.1 ± .71 and 2.2 ± .90 at 12 and 24 months, respectively). The reliability and validity of the scale has been established (16) and has been widely used in studying the life satisfaction of persons with schizophrenia (23)(24)(25). The scale had a Cronbach's alpha reliability of .88 in this sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prosocial Family Processes and the Quality of Life of Persons With Schizophrenia

Greenberg

Knudsen²,

Aschbrenner³

2006

Psychiatric Services

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Objectives-Research on the family's contribution to the quality of life of persons with serious mental illness has largely focused on negative family interactions associated with poorer client outcomes. The purpose of this naturalistic study of aging mothers and adults with schizophrenia was to investigate prosocial family processes that potentially enhance, rather than detract from, the life satisfaction of persons with serious mental illness.Methods-The data were drawn from a longitudinal study of aging parents caring for a son or daughter with schizophrenia. This report is based on 122 mother-adult child dyads who participated in the third wave of the study. Mothers completed an in-home interview and questionnaire that included measures of the quality of the relationship between the mother and adult child, maternal warmth, and maternal praise of the adult child. The adult with schizophrenia completed a life satisfaction questionnaire.Results-The adults with schizophrenia had higher life satisfaction when their mothers expressed greater warmth and praise of their son or daughter with schizophrenia and when their mothers reported the quality of their relationship as being close and mutually supportive.Conclusions-Past research has emphasized changing families, most typically by lowering expressed emotion, with little emphasis on the families' strengths, in particular, prosocial family processes that may enhance the life satisfaction of their loved one. As a recovery orientation focuses on the strengths of adults with mental illness, it also should focus equally on the supportive presence of families in the lives of clients.Research on the family's contribution to the quality of life of persons with serious mental illness has focused largely on negative family interactions associated with poorer outcomes. The concept of expressed emotion has received the most attention, with an emphasis on the family's role in relapse through criticism of and overinvolvement in the life of the relative with mental illness. However, many families play a supportive role and serve as a safety net, because the demand for mental health services far exceeds their availability (1).Yet little is known about the types of family behaviors that enhance rather than detract from the quality of life of persons with schizophrenia. Lopez and colleagues (2) have begun to identify prosocial family processes, such as the expression of warmth and positive remarks, that support clients on their road to recovery. However, research on adults with schizophrenia has been limited to studying the relationship of these prosocial behaviors to relapse (3)(4)(5). The This article is part of a special section honoring the memory of three leaders in the psychosocial treatment of patients with severe and persistent mental disorders: Wayne S. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript purpose of this cross-sectional analysis of data drawn from a longitudinal study of families and adults with schizophrenia was to build upon ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prosocial Family Processes and the Quality of Life of Persons With Schizophrenia

Greenberg

Knudsen²,

Aschbrenner³

2006

Psychiatric Services

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“…Additional conceptualizations of social functioning focus on the quality, reciprocity, and size of an individual’s social network. [22, 23] Although social function was the initial focus of PROMIS investigation, several other aspects of social health are noteworthy. These include social support and interpersonal attributes independent of particular roles, such as intimacy, assertiveness, sociability, submissiveness, and interpersonal control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of adult self-reported health outcome item banks: 2005–2008

Cella

Riley

Stone

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

4,011

3,096

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Objective Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are essential when evaluating many new treatments in health care, yet current measures have been limited by a lack of precision, standardization and comparability of scores across studies and diseases. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS™) provides item banks that offer the potential for PRO measurement that is efficient (minimizes item number without compromising reliability) flexible (enables optional use of interchangeable items), and precise (has minimal error in estimate) measurement of commonly-studied PROs. We report results from the first large-scale testing of PROMIS items. Study Design and Setting Fourteen item pools were tested in the U.S. general population and clinical groups using an online panel and clinic recruitment. A scale-setting sub-sample was created reflecting demographics proportional to the 2000 U.S. census. Results Using item response theory (graded response model), 11 item banks were calibrated on a sample of 21,133, measuring components of self-reported physical, mental and social health, along with a 10-item global health scale. Short forms from each bank were developed and compared to the overall bank as well as with other well-validated and widely accepted (“legacy”) measures. All item banks demonstrated good reliability across the majority of the score distributions. Construct validity was supported by moderate to strong correlations with legacy measures. Conclusion PROMIS item banks and their short forms provide evidence they are reliable and precise measures of generic symptoms and functional reports comparable to legacy instruments. Further testing will continue to validate and test PROMIS items and banks in diverse clinical populations.

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“…Primary components include social role participation, social network quality, social integration and interpersonal communication [10-16]. Other conceptualizations are based on interpersonal attributes independent of particular roles [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring social health in the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS): item bank development and testing

et al. 2010

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Purpose To develop a social health measurement framework, to test items in diverse populations and to develop item response theory (IRT) item banks. Methods A literature review guided framework development of Social Function and Social Relationships sub-domains. Items were revised based on patient feedback, and Social Function items were field-tested. Analyses included exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), two-parameter IRT modeling and evaluation of differential item functioning (DIF). Results The analytic sample included 956 general population respondents who answered 56 Ability to Participate and 56 Satisfaction with Participation items. EFA and CFA identified three Ability to Participate sub-domains. However, because of positive and negative wording, and content redundancy, many items did not fit the IRT model, so item banks do not yet exist. EFA, CFA and IRT identified two preliminary Satisfaction item banks. One item exhibited trivial age DIF. Conclusion After extensive item preparation and review, EFA-, CFA- and IRT-guided item banks help provide increased measurement precision and flexibility. Two Satisfaction short forms are available for use in research and clinical practice. This initial validation study resulted in revised item pools that are currently undergoing testing in new clinical samples and populations.

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The Structure and Invariance of a Model of Social Functioning in Schizophrenia

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Prosocial Family Processes and the Quality of Life of Persons With Schizophrenia

Prosocial Family Processes and the Quality of Life of Persons With Schizophrenia

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of adult self-reported health outcome item banks: 2005–2008

Measuring social health in the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS): item bank development and testing

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