The structure of L-tyrosine

Mostad, Arvid; Nissen, Hans Martin; R∅mming, Chr.

doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)96800-5

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There were also intense peaks of chlorine, potassium and iron, along with tiny peaks that indicated the presence of copper and zinc. Zinc is a common element in nature and is present in biological materials, for instance in human sweat [28,31].…”

Section: Climatic Monitoring With Data Loggersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation issues and chemical study of the causes of alteration of a part of the Stave Church in Hopperstad (Norway)

et al. 2019

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An unidentified white substance was observed on the exterior parts of the southern side of Hopperstad Stave Church, located in Vik in Sogn and Fjordane (Norway). One of the 28 remaining stave churches in the country, Hopperstad Stave Church was built between 1130 and 1150 and it constitutes an important part of Norwegian cultural heritage. Such a substance was observed for the first time in 2009 and serious concerns about its harmfulness and origin have been raised. A comprehensive study involving non-invasive (portable XRF) and micro-invasive analyses (SEM, ICP-OES, TOC) was undertaken to investigate the physico-chemical nature of this white substance. Tarring, salt migration from the nearby cemetery, atmospheric agents, leakages from the roof, biological infestation, previous treatments with pesticides are among the possible causes of the phenomenon. This work-employing a unique approach in conservation/conservation science-indicates that the white substance is mainly inorganic and crystalline. It was, therefore, possible to exclude some of the possible causes, hence, clarifying some of the conservation issues of the church.

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Section: Climatic Monitoring With Data Loggersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation issues and chemical study of the causes of alteration of a part of the Stave Church in Hopperstad (Norway)

et al. 2019

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“…Its unit cell and space group were published in 1969 [14] and its crystal structure in 1972 [15]. Other publications followed: on the crystal structure of L-Tyr [16,17], of tyrosine salts [18,19], and also of DL-Tyr [20,21], all in combination with an extensive study of the physical-chemical properties [15,22,23]. Eventually, also the structure of D-Tyr was deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tyrosine alkyl esters as prodrug: the structure and intermolecular interactions of l-tyrosine methyl ester compared to l-tyrosine and its ethyl and n-butyl esters

et al. 2011

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L-Tyrosine alkyl esters are used as prodrugs for L-tyrosine. Although prodrugs are often designed for their behavior in solution, understanding their solid-state properties is the first step in mastering drug delivery. The crystal structure of L-tyrosine methyl ester has been determined and compared to published structures of L-tyrosine and its ethyl and n-butyl esters. It is almost isostructural with the other esters: it crystallizes in the orthorhombic chiral space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 , a = 5.7634(15) Å , b = 12.111(2) Å , c = 14.3713(19) Å , V = 1003.1(4) Å 3 with Z 0 = 1. Their main packing motif is a C(9) infinite hydrogen-bond chain, but the conformation of L-tyrosine methyl ester is different from the other two: eclipsed versus U-shaped, respectively. The published structure of the ethyl ester, which was incomplete, has been confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction data. Because L-tyrosine methyl ester is very stable (28 years stored at room temperature), and its hydrolysis rate is relatively low, it should be one of the better prodrugs among the alkyl esters of tyrosine.

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“…Recently, some researches about tyrosine and its enzymes have been carried out using molecular dynamics simulations [10][11][12]. In recent years, the crystal and molecular structures of L-TYR [13,14] and also numerous enzymes associated with tyrosine, e.g., tyrosine phosphatise [15][16][17][18][19] have been investigated. Several workers [4,6,[20][21][22][23][24] have investigated the tyrosine molecule and its derivatives using different spectroscopic techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman and IR Spectral and DFT Based Vibrational and Electronic Characterization of Isolated and Zwitterionic Forms of L-Tyrosine

Ra¹,

Dixit²,

Yogesh³

2015

Pharm Anal Acta

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Comparative structural and vibrational investigations in two different forms of the L-Tyrosine (L-TYR) have been carried out using Raman and IR spectral and DFT methods. For the optimized structures of the most stable conformers the vibrational assignments of the experimental IR and Raman bands have been proposed using the results of the DFT-B3LYP computations and the PEDs computed using GAR2PED software. The optimized geometrical structures of the molecule belong to the C1 point group in the zwitterionic and isolated forms of the molecule. Possibility of the charge transfer phenomena in the molecule has been investigated in light of the HOMO-LUMO analysis. The electron density mappings of the iso-surfaces with the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) have been carried out to obtain the different information associated with the size, shape, charge density distribution and site of chemical reactivity of the molecule. On the basis of the NBO analysis presence of intramolecular H bonding and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) have been proposed.

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The structure of L-tyrosine

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Conservation issues and chemical study of the causes of alteration of a part of the Stave Church in Hopperstad (Norway)

Conservation issues and chemical study of the causes of alteration of a part of the Stave Church in Hopperstad (Norway)

Tyrosine alkyl esters as prodrug: the structure and intermolecular interactions of l-tyrosine methyl ester compared to l-tyrosine and its ethyl and n-butyl esters

Raman and IR Spectral and DFT Based Vibrational and Electronic Characterization of Isolated and Zwitterionic Forms of L-Tyrosine

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