The structure of some Langmuir-Blodgett films. Part I. Substituted phthalocyanines

Fryer, J. R.; McConnell, C. M.; Hann, R. A.; Eyres, B. L.; Gupta, S. K.

doi:10.1080/13642819008207565

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The highly ordered packing (d=48.0 Å) co-exists here with two of lower ordering (d=32.4 Å and 8.9 Å). The latter packings show only one reflection order as it is usual for LB films of phthalocyanines (Fryer & McConnell, 1990). Thus, three different structures are registered.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 76%

“…Therefore the 3D structure caused by interactions in the edge-to-edge direction may be detected under certain conditions by X-ray diffraction technique. This work is also dedicated to azaporphyrine aggregation and deals with a series of three tetra-tert-butyl-substituted copper azaporphyrines presented below as the 4/m-isomers: Phthalocyanine CuPc' is considered as a basis object because its films have been widely studied (Fryer & McConnell, 1990;Brynda et al, 1990;Lee et al, 2000). The literature data allow expecting that solid CuPc' tends to form the 3D nano-aggregates with collectivized outer π -electrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the CuPc' films show the fragmented and hierarchical structure. They are constructed from mutually disordered micro-islands (Fryer & McConnell, 1990) consisting of irregular multi-stacked "domains" (Brynda et al, 1990). However, diffraction patterns of the CuPc' films acquired by electron scattering technique (Fryer & McConnell, 1990) do not show peaks corresponding to supramolecular units and thus do not indicate the edge-to-edge interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are constructed from mutually disordered micro-islands (Fryer & McConnell, 1990) consisting of irregular multi-stacked "domains" (Brynda et al, 1990). However, diffraction patterns of the CuPc' films acquired by electron scattering technique (Fryer & McConnell, 1990) do not show peaks corresponding to supramolecular units and thus do not indicate the edge-to-edge interaction. Our data (Valkova et al, 2002b) on the films of the highly symmetrical CuPaz'(4/m) isomer show that absence of the 3D nano-aggregates in the CuPc' films may not be due to bulky tert-butyl groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-angle X-ray scattering and neutron reflectivity studies of Langmuir–Blodgett films of copper tetra-tert-butyl-azaporphyrines

Valkova¹,

Menelle²,

Borovkov³

et al. 2003

J Appl Crystallogr

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Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of tetra-tert-butyl-substituted copper azaporphyrines, namely phthalocyanine (CuPc'), tetra-3-nitrophthalocyanine (CuPc*) and porphyrazine (CuPaz'), are studied by small-angle scattering technique. Two kinds of systems are under investigation: first, the CuPc'/Cd-stearate-d 35 superlattices; second, the LB films of CuPc', CuPc* and CuPaz' doped with benzene-d 6. X-ray diffraction patterns of the superlattices exhibit bilayer structural units indicating existence of not only 1D but also 3D nano-aggregates of CuPc'. The neutron reflectivity study on the films heavily doped with benzene-d 6 indicates that π-deficiency and size of the azaporphyrine nuclei favor interactions between the nano-aggregates.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Small-angle X-ray scattering and neutron reflectivity studies of Langmuir–Blodgett films of copper tetra-tert-butyl-azaporphyrines

Valkova¹,

Menelle²,

Borovkov³

et al. 2003

J Appl Crystallogr

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“…1) and copper tetrabenzotriazaporphyrine (CuPcThptBu4). CuPtBu4 has also been chosen because the structure [30,31] and properties [32] of its LB films were studied earlier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoaggregates in floating layers of azaporphyrins

Valkova

Zyablov

Erokhin

et al. 2010

J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines

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An analysis of compression isotherms of floating layers of copper tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine (CuPctBu4) and copper tetrabenzotriazaporphyrine, obtained at varied initial conditions, is carried out. The structure of layers is determined by three methods: the traditional one (direct estimation of area per molecule from a π-A isotherm), by a quantitative analysis of compression isotherms (with the use of Volmer equation), and by Brewster angle microscopy. It is shown that in layers with edgeon arrangement of molecules (initial surface concentrations N 0 > 0.15 μmol.m -2 ), the layer structure, determined by the quantitative method, may differ drastically from the structure obtained by the traditional one. The equation of state of the floating layer generalized to the case when structural units of 2D gas are molecular aggregates is used to describe the layer of azaporphyrines. Boundaries of existence and characteristics of structure and properties of floating layers in stable states (size of nanoaggregates formed in a layer, number of molecules in them, interaggregate spacing, compressibility) are determined. The quantitative model of floating layer of copper tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine is proposed. Constants characterizing a stable monolayer, as well as the region where it may be formed, are determined on the base of the model created.

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