The Studies of Millimeter Waves at 60 GHz in Outdoor Environments for IMT Applications: A State of Art

Abstract

As the growth of mobile technology network increasing exponentially due to which radio frequency becomes more valuable natural resources. Shortage of bandwidth creates an enormous opportunities for researchers and engineers for exploration of underutilize millimeter wave spectrum in order to design and develop future technologies. It is a need of an hour to do extensive studies on the impact of millimeter wave technologies as both indoor and outdoor environments. This paper describes the various studies carried out earlier in the field of radio wave propagation at 60 GHz in different outdoor environments.

A Comprehensive Survey on Millimeter Wave Communications for Fifth-Generation Wireless Networks: Feasibility and Challenges

“…Enabling the added spectra of future mmWave cellular systems, higher data rates, improved connectivity, and higher system capacity can be realized compared to legacy sub-6 GHz cellular bands [18], [72], [83]- [85]. While oxygen absorption within the 60 GHz spectrum band severely limits range [15], [37], [86], [87], it permits spectrum reuse by multiple systems, which allow a high throughput network. However, shorter wavelength (5 mm at 60 GHz) significantly impacts the formfactor of the 60 GHz system to about 140 times smaller than those at sub-6 GHz, enabling much more compact hardware and making beamforming an attractive proposition.…”

“…However, shorter wavelength (5 mm at 60 GHz) significantly impacts the formfactor of the 60 GHz system to about 140 times smaller than those at sub-6 GHz, enabling much more compact hardware and making beamforming an attractive proposition. Besides generating mmWave signal in the 60 GHz frequency band, the international telecommunication union (ITU) has designated frequency bands around 60 GHz in different parts of the world [86]. For example, part of the RF spectrum between 28 − 80 GHz is being investigated in the United Kingdom (UK) to improve coverage and data transfer [76].…”

“…• 60 GHz Bands (57 − 64 GHz and 64 − 71 GHz (extension): The 60 GHz or V-band is very attractive for license-exempt broadband services for high capacity transmissions over short distances [15], [37], [86], [87]. Notably, the 7 GHz of contiguous V-band spectrum, i.e., 57 − 64 GHz, provides large capacity than those of the existing broadband spectrum.…”

“…The ITU Radio regulations body has allocated frequency bands around 60 GHz, which is the global unlicensed band in different regions of the world. The mmWave bands allocated through ITU Radio regulations are [86]: [33].…”

“…• The mmWave bands allocated by the ministry of public management, home affairs, post and telecommunications (Japan) regularity body are [86]: 59−66 GHz band for unlicensed utilization and 54.25 − 59 GHz band for licensed use.…”