The study of co-morbid conditions in various stages of chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem affecting 10% of the adult population worldwide. In CKD, Multimorbidity is common which mainly includes hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases. So, there is a need to find out the effect of multi-morbidity on renal outcomes. The main objective is to study the impact of comorbidities on renal outcomes. Overall 80 patients with comorbidities were enrolled in the study. The Study was conducted in inpatients with CKD of General Medicine department of age greater than 30 years of both genders were included. Hypertension and CKD have a high prevalence amongst the population with stage 3-5 CKD in our study. As per our study Diabetes is the most common cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). This study shows higher prevalence of CKD among males (61.25%) than females (38.75%). This cross-sectional study estimated that prevalence of CKD is highest among 40-49 years (32.5%) and lowest among >70 years (11.25%). There is significant association between smoking and CKD. Our study revealed that patients with Diabetes and HTN who are found to have proteinuria are very likely to have CKD. Our study suggested that early detection and management of underlying causes may help to slow down the progression of CKD. Patients with multi-morbidity should take care by performing early screening for proteinuria and kidney function tests.