The study of laser pulse width on efficiency of Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy

Zhang, Jian James; Rutherford, Jonathan; Solomon, Metasebya; Cheng, Brian; Xuan, Jason R.; Gong, J; Yu, Honggang; Xia, Michael L D; Yang, Xirong; Hasenberg, T. C.; Curran, Sean

doi:10.1117/12.2250665

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We wanted to note that the range of testing conditions in this study are 0.2–3 J, 333–1000 μ s, and 1–10 pulses (10 Hz); the calculus phantom is gypsum white cement, the phantom is fixed in a holder, and only 356 μ m core diameter fiber is used for testing. There is another well-known issue in laser lithotripter: fiber tip burn back [ 44 , 53 , 54 ], which is also a key factor for procedure time, patient safety, and care economics. Further study should explore laser settings beyond the current range, and fiber burn back should be taken into account when searching for the optimum laser setting for urolithiasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Response Surfaces of Volume of Ablation and Retropulsion Amplitude by Settings of Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripter

Zhang

Rutherford

Solomon

et al. 2018

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Objectives Although laser lithotripsy is now the preferred treatment option for urolithiasis due to shorter operation time and a better stone-free rate, the optimal laser settings for URS (ureteroscopic lithotripsy) for less operation time remain unclear. The aim of this study was to look for quantitative responses of calculus ablation and retropulsion by performing operator-independent experiments to determine the best fit versus the pulse energy, pulse width, and the number of pulses. Methods A lab-built Ho:YAG laser was used as the laser pulse source, with a pulse energy from 0.2 J up to 3.0 J and a pulse width of 150 μs up to 1000 μs. The retropulsion was monitored using a high-speed camera, and the laser-induced craters were evaluated with a 3-D digital microscope. The best fit to the experimental data is done by a design of experiment software. Results The numerical formulas for the response surfaces of ablation speed and retropulsion amplitude are generated. Conclusions The longer the pulse, the less the ablation or retropulsion, while the longer pulse makes the ablation decrease faster than the retropulsion. The best quadratic fit of the response surface for the volume of ablation varied nonlinearly with pulse duration and pulse number.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Response Surfaces of Volume of Ablation and Retropulsion Amplitude by Settings of Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripter

Zhang

Rutherford

Solomon

et al. 2018

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

Self Cite

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“…Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the tested data points, each of which represents the average of 14 measurements, is used by Design-Expert® to produce the response surfaces [55,56]. The precise analytical formula for retropulsion and ablation in the optimal dusting mode is:…”

Section: The Optimal Dusting Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Laser Mode for Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy Applications

James Zhang

2023

Lithotripsy - Novel Technologies, Innovations and Contemporary Applications

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The higher annual growth rate of kidney stone disease occurrence and the lower annual growth rate of practicing urologists require more efficient treatment tools. This chapter’s research explores ways to increase laser lithotripsy stone ablation efficiency while reducing the stone retropulsion so that the stone procedure time can be effectively shortened. It covers the investigation of laser stone ablation threshold, ablation efficiency, retropulsion control, and the optimal dusting mode of a concept Holmium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho:YAG) laser with advanced tailored pulse technology to produce a high ablation rate and low retropulsion. Ho:YAG laser stone damage and recoil movement were investigated in vitro utilizing a tabletop model in a highly reproducible manner while evaluating the effects of several laser mode pulses. A thorough evaluation of the pseudo-optimal dusting mode’s behavior (dusting rate and recoil movement) against a standard laser dusting mode was performed. The optimal dusting mode in this benchtop test model maintained a modest level of retropulsion while having a somewhat quick ablation rate. The transient pressure field measurement results of the standard and custom laser modes of a concept Ho: YAG laser are also included.

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In Search of Optimal Laser Settings for Lithotripsy by Numerical Response Surfaces of Ablation and Retropulsion

Zhang¹

2021

Response Surface Methodology in Engineering Science

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Even though ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy (URSL) has become the preferred treatment option for urolithiasis due to shorter operation time and a better stone-free rate, the optimum laser pulse settings for URSL with the shortest operative times remain unknown. In this chapter, two sets of design of experiments (DOE) were conducted with response surface methodology: 1) the quantitative responses of calculus ablation and retropulsion in terms of the pulse energy, pulse width, and the number of pulses of a prototype Chromium (Cr3+), Thulium (Tm3+), Holmium (Ho3+) triple doped yttrium aluminum garnet (CTH:YAG) laser system. The ablation or retropulsion is inversely proportional to the pulse width, and the pulse width has a higher impact coefficient for the ablation than for the retropulsion. The quadratic fit of the response surface for the volume of ablation has a nonlinear relationship with the pulse width and number of pulses. 2) the laser setting optimization of laser lithotripsy of a commercially available CTH: YAG laser system. The experimental setup is based on a benchtop model first introduced by Sroka’s group. Comparing to frequency, the laser pulse energy or peak power has a higher impact coefficient to stone retropulsion as compared to stone ablation in CTH: YAG laser lithotripsy. The most efficient way to curtail stone retropulsion during laser lithotripsy is to lower the laser pulse peak power.

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The study of laser pulse width on efficiency of Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Numerical Response Surfaces of Volume of Ablation and Retropulsion Amplitude by Settings of Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripter

Numerical Response Surfaces of Volume of Ablation and Retropulsion Amplitude by Settings of Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripter

Advanced Laser Mode for Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy Applications

In Search of Optimal Laser Settings for Lithotripsy by Numerical Response Surfaces of Ablation and Retropulsion

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