The study of problems affecting the pace of implementation of the «trash reform» in the Russian Federation

Abstract

The article deals with the issues of waste management in the public sector during the Soviet Union and in Russia. The author analyzes the accumulated problems with the landfills formed during the Soviet Union and landfills operating in the Russian Federation. The positive aspects of the use of waste as secondary resources that existed in the USSR are given. The article deals with the radical changes in state regulation in the field of production and consumption waste management in the Russian Federation, started in 2014, examines the problems that hinder the implementation of the changes adopted by the government of the Federal law № 458-FZ, government resolutions and other regulations in terms of production and consumption waste management. The author provides data on the dynamics of municipal waste generation in the Russian Federation in recent years, data on the number of waste processing plants, waste sorting complexes and incinerators, describes the situation that has arisen in the regions of the Russian Federation at the choice of a regional operator and the development of territorial schemes for waste management, in accordance with the new provisions of Russian legislation. The article examines the problems that have arisen in the Moscow region on the implementation of the project of collection of dry and mixed municipal waste on a two-container system, provides examples of a particular city and the problems that have arisen in it to collect municipal waste on the new system. The author not only studies the problems hindering the implementation of the «garbage reform» in the Russian Federation, but also proposes a number of measures to be taken to accelerate the process of improving the proposed by the government of the Russian Federation new system for waste management.

Environmental education as a tool of sustainable development of territories

“…The role of the environmental element in attaining sustainable development of the country and its territories is hard to overestimate. In the Soviet period, the legal framework for industrial and municipal waste management was underdeveloped and existed as a set of instructions and recommendations without a regular and careful monitoring of how these instructions were followed [3]. Since 1991, Russia has pursued inefficient policy with regard to waste generation, accumulation and disposal, which has been causing negative impact on a country's overall environmental and resource efficiency framework and has resulted in suboptimal use of raw materials and energy.…”