The Study of Separation of Nitrogen from Methane by Hydrate Formation Using a Novel Apparatus<sup>a</sup>

Happel, John; Hnatow, Miguel A.; Meyer, Howard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38854.x

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Their results also showed that at constant subcooling the film growth rate increased with increasing temperature, which was explained as an effect of the significantly higher pressures at higher temperatures, giving higher solubility when the subcooling is constant. The work by Happel et al [98] in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) also showed an increase in growth rate, with increased subcooling at constant pressure. Meanwhile, Mork and Gudmundsson [45,58], who also formed hydrates in a continuous stirred tank reactor, did not see any clear effect of subcooling on hydrate growth rate.…”

Section: Effect Of Experimental Temperature and Subcoolingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Meindinyo

Svartaas

2016

Energies

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Gas hydrate growth kinetics was studied at a pressure of 90 bars to investigate the effect of temperature, initial water content, stirring rate, and reactor size in stirred semi-batch autoclave reactors. The mixing energy during hydrate growth was estimated by logging the power consumed. The theoretical model by Garcia-Ochoa and Gomez for estimation of the mass transfer parameters in stirred tanks has been used to evaluate the dispersion parameters of the system. The mean bubble size, impeller power input per unit volume, and impeller Reynold's number/tip velocity were used for analyzing observed trends from the gas hydrate growth data. The growth behavior was analyzed based on the gas consumption and the growth rate per unit initial water content. The results showed that the growth rate strongly depended on the flow pattern in the cell, the gas-liquid mass transfer characteristics, and the mixing efficiency from stirring. Scale-up effects indicate that maintaining the growth rate per unit volume of reactants upon scale-up with geometric similarity does not depend only on gas dispersion in the liquid phase but may rather be a function of the specific thermal conductance, and heat and mass transfer limitations created by the limit to the degree of the liquid phase dispersion is batched and semi-batched stirred tank reactors.

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Section: Effect Of Experimental Temperature and Subcoolingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Meindinyo

Svartaas

2016

Energies

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“…1 Accommodating guest molecules of certain size by gas hydrates has found its potential applications in gas storage and separation. 2,3 However, the high pressure requirement and slow formation kinetics remain an impediment to the technology development for hydrate-based gas separation, storage, and transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium Conditions for Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed with CO₂, N₂, or CH₄ in the Presence of Tri-n-butylphosphine Oxide

Du¹,

Wang

2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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We measured the thermodynamic stability conditions for the N 2 , CO 2 , or CH 4 semi-clathrate hydrate formed from the aqueous solution of Tri-n-butylphosphine Oxide (TBPO) at 26 wt%, corresponding to the stoichiometric composition for TBPO·34.5H 2 O. The measurements were performed at the temperature range of (283.71 to 300.34) K and pressure range of (0.35 to 19.43) MPa with using an isochoric equilibrium step-heating pressure search method. The results showed that the presence of TBPO made these semi-clathrate hydrates much more stable than the corresponding pure N 2 , CO 2 , and CH 4 hydrates. At a given temperature, the semi-clathrate hydrate of 26 wt% TBPO solution + CH 4 was more stable than that of 26 wt% TBPO solution + CO 2 , which in turn was more stable than 26 wt% TBPO solution + N 2. We analyzed the phase equilibrium data using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and found that at the pressure range of (0 to 20) MPa, the mean dissociation enthalpies for the semi-clathrate hydrates systems of 26 wt% TBPO solution + N 2 , 26 wt% TBPO solution + CO 2 , and 26 wt% TBPO solution + CH 4 were 177.75 kJ·mol -1 , 206.23 kJ·mol -1 and 159.00 kJ·mol -1 , respectively.

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“…Hydrate separation technology has been successfully used in the CH 4 + H 2 system [18] and CO 2 separation. [19,20] Happel et al [21] studied the hydrate separation in the CH 4 /N 2 system. In 1994, he thought that the hydrate separation was theoretically a feasible technology applied to the CH 4 /N 2 system through the study of the hydrate sampling and analysis of the CH 4 /N 2 gas hydrate formation equilibrium phase diagram and the reaction kinetic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrate‐Based Gas Separation for Methane Recovery from Coal Mine Gas using Tetrahydrofuran

Zhao

Liang

2016

Energy Tech

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Coal mine methane (CMM) gas is an unconventional natural gas that can be used as a clean supplementary energy resource when the methane is enriched. In this work, a new technology for separating methane from low‐concentration CMM gas was investigated using gas hydrate formation in the presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF). The concentration of THF was fixed at 19 %, the initial pressure fixed at 0.3 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 1.0 MPa, respectively, and the temperature was maintained at 278.15 K. The results indicated that gas hydrate formation and the separation of CH4 can be easily achieved at 0.3–1.0 MPa in THF solution. It was determined that the hydrate‐based separation process for CH4 recovery from the CMM gas mixture performed better at medium and low initial pressures. The separation factor decreased from 9.5451 to 7.1834 as the reaction pressure rose from 0.3 to 1.0 MPa.

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The Study of Separation of Nitrogen from Methane by Hydrate Formation Using a Novel Apparatus^a

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Equilibrium Conditions for Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed with CO₂, N₂, or CH₄ in the Presence of Tri-n-butylphosphine Oxide

Hydrate‐Based Gas Separation for Methane Recovery from Coal Mine Gas using Tetrahydrofuran

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The Study of Separation of Nitrogen from Methane by Hydrate Formation Using a Novel Apparatusa

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Gas Hydrate Growth Kinetics: A Parametric Study

Equilibrium Conditions for Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed with CO2, N2, or CH4 in the Presence of Tri-n-butylphosphine Oxide

Hydrate‐Based Gas Separation for Methane Recovery from Coal Mine Gas using Tetrahydrofuran

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The Study of Separation of Nitrogen from Methane by Hydrate Formation Using a Novel Apparatus^a

Equilibrium Conditions for Semiclathrate Hydrates Formed with CO₂, N₂, or CH₄ in the Presence of Tri-n-butylphosphine Oxide