The Study on the Amount and Major Compositions of Excreta from Swine

Abstract

This work was carried out to investigate the quantity of excreta and its composition in crossbred pigs (Yorkshire × Landrace × Duroc) at different stages of growth. Twelve young piglets (average BW weight of 19.0±0.33 kg) were used in this study. Pigs were divided into four phases during growing time and two phases during finishing time. The average excreta production for growing pig was 3.46 kg/head/day (feces: 1.07 kg, urine: 2.39 kg). The average moisture contents of feces and urine were 70.54% and 97.39%, respectively. Contents of Calcium, Magnesium, Copper, Plumbum, and Arsenic were 1.00%, 0.26%, 10.47 mg/kg, 2.43 mg/kg, and 1.02 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of the water pollutants like Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Suspended Solid (SS), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP), excreted from pig were 96335, 61073, 207466, 8104 and 4209 mg/L in feces and 7364, 7149, 2715, 10110 and 613 mg/L in urine at the end of test, respectively. The daily loading amount of water pollutants (BOD5, COD, SS, TN, and TP, respectively) in pig excreta were 102. 1, 61.8, 221.6, 8.7, and 3.9 g/head/day in feces, and 19.3, 16.7, 8.0, 22.2, and 1.3 g/head/day in urine, respectively. The Nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O contents in the excreta of pigs were 0.96, 0.83 and 0.42% in feces, and 0.80, 0.09 and 0.53% in urine, respectively. Finally, this work was suggested to give basic information to swine farms.

Optimization of Screw Mixer to Improve Drying Performance of Livestock Manure Dryer Using CFD Analysis

“…Since the turbulent kinetic energy increases with the increase of viscosity, it was found that viscosity is a very important property in describing the behavior of fluids, and it is necessary to select the property of viscosity that is most similar to pig manure. Human excrement has an average moisture content of 74.5% (63-86%) [22], which is very similar to the average moisture content (76.3%) of pig manure with a standard body weight (70 kg) [23]. Since the viscosity of human excrement is 3.5-5.5 Pa•s, in this study, the average viscosity value of human excrement, 4.5 Pa•s, was applied, and its CFD result is 0.299 J/kg, as shown Table 3.…”

Biofuel Production as an Example of Virtuous Valorization of Swine Manure

“…5 SM collected from livestock farmlands is composed of one-third of feces and two-third of urines. 49 Also, the SM slurry contains 71 wt % of water. Thus, approximately 0.5 kg of dried swine feces could be obtained per pig per day, and the estimated production of BD from each pig could reach to 22 g per day and 8 kg per year.…”

“…As noted, the average accumulation rate of SM is 4.92 L ( i.e ., roughly equivalent to 5 kg) per pig per day . SM collected from livestock farmlands is composed of one-third of feces and two-third of urines . Also, the SM slurry contains 71 wt % of water.…”