The Stuttgart Process (Germany)

Meyer, Carsten; Preyl, Volker; Steinmetz, Heidrun; Maier, Werner; Mohn, Ralph-Edgar; Schönberger, Harald

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8031-9_19

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to the approach by Meyer et al ., the P 2 O 5 content in the permeate (struvite) is approximately 25%–28%, which is close to the composition of pure struvite . For the calculation of struvite extraction potentials at the EPH, phosphate content of 25% in the solid recyclate is assumed accordingly.…”

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the beginning, citric acid is added to the hydrochar to initiate phosphorus leaching at a pH of 2–5 . The acidic sludge is filtered and the permeate is precipitated in a further reactor where the struvite precipitation takes place.…”

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidic sludge is filtered and the permeate is precipitated in a further reactor where the struvite precipitation takes place. The retained material, which still contains considerable amounts of P, is used again in the process of acid leaching . NaOH is added to the permeated substance in the third reactor to increase the pH to 8–9 and mixed with the ammonium‐rich process liquid originating from the HTC treatment.…”

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During HTC treatment the P contained in the digestate can be bound in the sanitized hydrochar and leached into the process water once its pH is reduced. By struvite precipitation and an additional filtration step, 60%–90% of the phosphate (as P 2 O 5 ) can be removed as a solid while the P content in the remaining liquid is reduced …”

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…185 In the beginning, citric acid is added to the hydrochar to initiate phosphorus leaching at a pH of 2-5. 185,187 The acidic sludge is filtered and the permeate is precipitated in a further reactor where the struvite precipitation takes place. The retained material, which still contains considerable amounts of P, is used again in the process of acid leaching.…”

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Cossel

Amarysti

Wilhelm

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Excessive cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) as a biogas substrate has fired debate about potential land‐use change effects of bioenergy cropping systems. Cup plant ( Silphium perfoliatum L.) is a perennial biogas crop that provides more environmental services than maize. This study investigated (i) how to replace maize with cup plant as a biogas substrate in a large‐scale biogas plant located in southwest Germany, and (ii) how to optimize the energy and material cycles of such a biogas plant given the new feedstock. The biogas plant produces 1000 m3 biogas per hour with plans for it to be combined with a large dairy farm (1000 dairy units). It was found that the substitution of maize with cup plant as a biogas substrate results in a methane yield reduction of 10% to 20% due to lower biomass yields. However, there exists a strong potential to increase both biomass yields and biogas substrate quality of cup plant by optimizing establishment procedures and better genotypes. Furthermore, cup plant provides food and shelter for open land animals, including birds and insects, and could hence be a suitable alternative to maize for large biogas plants, being more environmentally beneficial. Extracting proteins from cup‐plant biomass could also help replace soy with locally produced protein for feeding cattle. Hydrothermal carbonization is a promising tool for closing nutrient cycles and for extracting phosphate from digestate, but more research is needed before it can be put into practice. © 2020 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Cossel

Amarysti

Wilhelm

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Sustainable Phosphorus

Beijer¹,

Slootweg²

2021

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphorus is a critical element, fulfilling important roles in bio‐, organic‐, and inorganic chemistry. Due to its versatile chemistry, phosphorus‐based chemicals have a wide array of applications in society. Most importantly, phosphorus is an irreplaceable and limiting building block for life. As such, the natural phosphorus cycle has historically set the pace for all life on earth. This all changed with the discovery of phosphorus‐based fertilizer, which has been largely responsible for the spectacular population growth over the previous century. Consequently, society has become highly dependent on these fertilizers for global food security. This comes with two major problems. Phosphate rock, the primary phosphorus resource, is finite and dwindling. While shortages are not imminent, continuation of current practices will eventually make them an inevitability. More pressing, however, is the problem of waste. Much of the phosphorus we use ends up in the environment, which has serious deleterious effects on biodiversity. Anthropogenic activity has thus disrupted the natural phosphorus cycle to such an extent that the word “cycle” is hardly applicable anymore. Clearly, there is pressing need for more sustainable practices. This article provides a holistic view on this important topic. The phosphorus industry relies on two phosphate rock‐processing pathways, based on either elemental white phosphorus or phosphoric acid as primary intermediate. Most fine chemical production relies on white phosphorus, accounting for a few percent of the market. As this process requires high energy investments, it is ideally omitted entirely. Novel synthetic pathways based on phosphoric acid are therefore needed, and notable examples are discussed, more in line with the principles of Green Chemistry. Ideally, chemicals are retained in near‐indefinite closed loops, using waste as resource as advocated by the Circular Economy and Circular Chemistry principles. Hazardous chemicals risking emission to the environment should be substituted where possible, or redesigned to alleviate their potential for harm. The vast majority of phosphate rock is processed to phosphoric acid, easily derivatized, and mostly reserved for the agri‐food sector as fertilizer or animal feed. This sector is highly inefficient, with major losses attributable to agriculture, food production, and consumption, as well as prior mining. Excess phosphorus intake due to animal product consumption exacerbates the problem. To address these issues, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary, involving legislation, education, and international cooperation between the many stakeholders. To truly close the phosphorus cycle, however, phosphorus needs to be recycled from human and animal waste. Many processes based on precipitation, wet and thermochemical treatment have been developed for phosphorus recovery, but value chains are necessary to bridge the gap between recovery and recycling. This requires alignment across stakeholders, favorable economics, and facilitative legislation.

show abstract

Closing the Loop of Nutrients by an Urban-Rural Partnership—A German Project

Suryandari,

Paypay

2024

Green Energy and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Stuttgart Process (Germany)

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Sustainable Phosphorus

Closing the Loop of Nutrients by an Urban-Rural Partnership—A German Project

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About