The subcrustal structure in the New Zealand region from seismic data*

Hayes, R. C.

doi:10.1785/bssa0330020075

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

1943

DOI: 10.1785/bssa0330020075

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The subcrustal structure in the New Zealand region from seismic data*

R. C. Hayes

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1959

1977

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The structure of New Zealand from seismic evidence

Eiby

1959

Geol Rundsch

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The New Zealand region is characterised by a crust 20--25 kms in thickness, and a sub-crust extending to at least 370 kms. These are separated by a transition layer extending from the base of the crust to a depth of about 100 kms. The crust is divided into blocks by steeply dipping faults. Some blocks are seismically active and others stable. The region is bounded by the Pacific Basin to the east, and the Tasman Basin to the west. Both of these areas have oceanic crusts about 5 kms thick. The sub-crust is traversed by a major wedge-shaped structure within which the deep focus seismicity is confined. This has been named the "Sub-Crustal Rift", and its activity is apparently an extension of that associated with the Kermadec Trench. It follows a roughly south-west course from the Bay of Plenty to Farewell Spit, when it turns abruptly southsouth-east, and finishes close to the Alpine Fault. Faults with both north-east and north-west trends are at present active. The most important of the northwest faults appears to run through Cook Strait. It is considered that the main crustal faults could have developed as the result of successive positioning above the Sub-Crustal Rift. Stable blocks have not been fractured in this way. There is some evidence for a difference in crustal structure on opposite sides of the Rift. The western portion is about 5 kms thicker, and contains a layer in which the P-velocities exceed 7 km/sec. No velocities above 61/2 km/sec have been observed in the eastern part. There is no evidence of arcuate structure. All the crustal and sub-crustal features appear to follow linear trends.

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The structure of New Zealand from seismic evidence

Eiby

1959

Geol Rundsch

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The New Zealand Sub-Crustal Rift

Eiby¹

1964

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Subcrustal earthquakes beneath New Zealand; Locations determined with a laterally inhomogeneous velocity model

Adams¹,

Ware²

1977

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

136

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Inconsistencies have become apparent in locations allocated to subcrustal earthquakes beneath the main seismic region of New Zealand. To reduce these, a simple model has been set up in which velocities are increased along ray paths presumed to be entirely in the zone of deep earthquakes. The results are most consistent when the velocities of both P and S waves are increased by 11%, compared with the standard Jeffreys-Bullen model. The effect of this velocity change is to reduce the dip of the zone of subcrustal foci determined in previous studies, and to make the foci more closely planar. The newly defined plane strikes N 45° E and dips at 50° to the north·west.

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The subcrustal structure in the New Zealand region from seismic data*

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The structure of New Zealand from seismic evidence

The structure of New Zealand from seismic evidence

The New Zealand Sub-Crustal Rift

Subcrustal earthquakes beneath New Zealand; Locations determined with a laterally inhomogeneous velocity model

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