The subcutaneous fat compartments in relation to aesthetically important facial folds and rhytides

Gierloff, Matthias; Stöhring, C.; Buder, Thomas; Wiltfang, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2012.04.047

Cited by 89 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The profound knowledge of midfacial anatomy represents the basis for a successful filler placement and helps to prevent unwanted adverse effects [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midfacial rejuvenation by hyaluronic acid fillers and subcutaneous adipose tissue – A new concept

Wollina

2015

Medical Hypotheses

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“…The profound knowledge of midfacial anatomy represents the basis for a successful filler placement and helps to prevent unwanted adverse effects [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midfacial rejuvenation by hyaluronic acid fillers and subcutaneous adipose tissue – A new concept

Wollina

2015

Medical Hypotheses

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“…With the increasing popularity of volumizing facial procedures for rejuvenating purposes, the understanding of the facial fat compartments is essential for long-lasting and safe applications [19]. The facial vein has been previously shown to form the lateral boundary of the deep medial cheek fat [20][21][22][23], the lateral boundary of the premaxillary space (containing the deep nasolabial fat compartment) [24,25], and the medial boundary of the sub-orbicularis oculi fat [20,26]. This pivotal role of the facial vein as a hallmark structure in the face is of great importance when trying to understand the detailed anatomy of the facial fat compartments and to avoid complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Vein Variation: A Cadaveric Study

Arquez

2018

int arch med

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Background: The veins of the head and neck have a complex developmental pattern which predisposes them to variations in formation and drainage. Superficial veins of the head and neck are utilized for central venous cannulation, oral reconstruction and parenteral nutrition in debilitated patients. Clinical and sonological examinations of these veins may provide clues toward underlying cardiac pathology. Aims:The aim of the present study was to describe anatomical variation and determined the position of the facial vein in relation to neighboring structures. Methods and Findings:Head and neck region were carefully dissected as per standard dissection procedure, studied serially during the years 2013-2017 in 16 males and 2 females, i.e. 36 sides, embalmed adults cadavers with different age group, in the laboratory of Morphology of the University of Pamplona. In 34 sides (94.5%) of the cases the facial vein (FV) terminated into the internal jugular vein via the common facial vein (CFV) as per standard anatomic description. The facial vein on two sides (5.5%) was found to drain into the external jugular vein with different degree of angulations and variable distance from the angle of the mandible. On the right side, the facial vein was draining into external jugular vein (EJV), 63.6 mm below the angle of the mandible. On the left side, the facial vein was draining into EJV, 42.4 mm below the angle of the mandible. The length of the neck was 137.8 mm. The mean distance of the superior and inferior labial veins, deep facial vein, and angular vein from the inferior orbital margin was 41.89±3.01, 52.31±3.72, 26.85±3.55 and 6.25±0.65 mm, respectively. Conclusion:A sound knowledge on variation of the course and termination of facial vein is very useful for oral and maxillofacial sur-

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“…These anatomic studies initiated the delineation of the structural anatomy of the facial fat compartments. More recently, advances in visualization of these facial fat pads was made possible by Gierloff et al [16,17] utilizing a novel radiopaque dye in combination with computed tomography scans providing images such as that seen in Figure 2 this technical achievement are twofold. First, the observer is no longer confined to standardized views in the anatomy laboratory, but is able to visualize these anatomic compartments in 3D, opening the door to new observations.…”

Section: Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%