The Subjective Physiological, Psychological, and Behavioral Risk‐Taking Consequences of Alcohol and Energy Drink Co‐Ingestion

Peacock, Amy; Bruno, Raimondo; Martin, F

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01820.x

Cited by 96 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…First, consuming caffeine with alcohol may alter the subjective rewards experienced by the drinker (Peacock et al, 2012), thus increasing alcohol use both in the moment and across time. Second, the observed links may refl ect preexisting differences among people (Howland and Rohsenow, 2013;Peacock et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks as a Predictor of Alcohol-Related Consequences Two Years Later

Patrick

Evans-Polce

Maggs

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective:This study examines the use of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) as a predictor of alcohol problems and alcohol-related consequences and accidents two years later in a college student sample. Method: Longitudinal data on AmED use, alcohol consequences, and alcohol problems were collected from the fall of students' second year of college to the fall of their fourth year (N = 620, 49% male). Results: After we controlled for demographic indicators and heavy episodic drinking, AmED use was a consistent predictor of negative alcohol-related outcomes 2 years later. Compared with no AmED use, both infrequent (i.e., one to three times per month) and frequent (i.e., one or more times per week) AmED use were associated with an increased risk of negative alcohol consequences and harmful/hazardous alcohol use ( 8 on Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test [AUDIT]). Frequent AmED use was also associated with serious alcohol problems ( 16 on AUDIT) and an increased risk of alcohol-related accidents in the subsequent 2 years. Conclusions: Prospective risks of alcohol consequences related to AmED use suggest a continued need for research and policy to address the surveillance, etiology, and prevention of AmED use. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 75, 753-757, 2014)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks as a Predictor of Alcohol-Related Consequences Two Years Later

Patrick

Evans-Polce

Maggs

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…30,31 Largely absent from the literature are studies reporting on the prevalence of consumption of these drinks and important individual and social correlates. A handful of nonrepresentative, small-sample studies from Canada, the United States, Turkey and Italy have reported on consumption of these drinks among college students and noted that between 15% and 85% of energy drinks users mix them with alcohol.…”

Section: Cmaj Openmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our finding that 20% of Canadian high school students had consumed these drinks in the previous year raises a number of important questions about how best to move forward. Given that individuals who use alcohol mixed with energy drinks, relative to alcohol alone, are less able to recognize the symptoms of intoxication, and report greater risk-taking, higher susceptibility to injury and increased alcohol consumption in the short term, along with neurologic complications and higher alcohol dependence, 1,16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] opportunities to intervene by health policy-makers, clinicians and programmers responsible for youth are necessary. Health Canada, along with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), warn against the mixing of energy drinks with alcohol, and the FDA has moved to eliminate such "premixed" beverages from the market.…”

Section: Policy Implications and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks: prevalence and key correlates among Canadian high school students

2013

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Research CMAJ OPENT he consumption of energy drinks, beverages that contain moderate to high concentrations of caffeine as well as taurine, herbal supplements, and sugar or sweeteners, has risen steadily in the last decade, 1 with sales surpassing those of many other nonalcoholic beverages in North America.2,3 These beverages have become particularly popular among youth and young adults owing to their purported stimulant effects and ability to increase alertness and enhance mental and physical energy. 1,[4][5][6][7] Clinical studies have shown that the consumption of energy drinks increases stimulation, attention and memory; decreases reaction times and mental fatigue; and improves performance on some physical activities. [8][9][10] At the same time, these beverages have been associated with negative health effects, including those typically associated with excess caffeine consumption, such as irritability, arrhythmia, nervousness, nausea and seizures. 7,[11][12][13][14][15][16] Despite warnings to the contrary, a popular practice among consumers of energy drinks is to mix them with alcohol. 17,18The combined effects of alcohol mixed with caffeine produce varied results on cognitive and motor performance. Because of increased feelings of alertness produced by caffeine, subjective estimates of alcohol impairment are typically underestimated, and the perceived rewarding aspects of drinking are enhanced. 5,17,[19][20][21] As such, consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks has been associated with greater risk-taking, impaired driving, higher volumes of alcohol consumption per sitting, increased injury susceptibility and higher rates of alcohol dependence. 1,16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Other health consequences associatedBackground: An emerging body of research has reported high consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks among young adults, particularly college students. However, little is known about adolescents' consumption of these drinks. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks and to examine its correlates among Canadian high school students. Methods:We used a nationally representative sample of 36 155 Canadian students in grades 7 to 12 who participated in the 2010/2011 Youth Smoking Survey.Results: About 20% of Canadian high school students reported consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks in the last year, with considerable variation across provinces. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the odds of consumption of these drinks were higher among students in lower grades (grades 7 and 8) and among students who identified their ethnicity as black or "other." Consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks was positively associated with substance use (current smoking [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1. , absence from school, participation in school team sports and having more weekly spending money. Students who felt more connected to school and had an academic average of 70% or h...

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“…Design and Methods: A meta-analysis of studies applying a withinsubject comparisons among AMED consumers comparing alcohol consumption on occasions when they consume AMED versus alcohol only occasions. Results: Four studies were identified [1][2][3][4], including 1802 AMED consumers. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in overall alcohol consumption between AMED and alcohol only occasions (P = 0.783, 95% confidence interval -0.191 to 0.253).…”

Section: Paper 88mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abstracts

2013

Drug and Alcohol Review

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The Subjective Physiological, Psychological, and Behavioral Risk‐Taking Consequences of Alcohol and Energy Drink Co‐Ingestion

Cited by 96 publications

References 20 publications

Use of Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks as a Predictor of Alcohol-Related Consequences Two Years Later

Use of Alcohol Mixed With Energy Drinks as a Predictor of Alcohol-Related Consequences Two Years Later

The consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks: prevalence and key correlates among Canadian high school students

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