The Submicroscopic Morphology of the Interphase Nucleus

Wischnitzer, Saul

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61933-6

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…As a consequence, the concept of chromosome territories fell into oblivion or was even considered to be experimentally disproved (Wischnitzer 1973). During the 1970s and 1980s, most researchers seemed content with the assumption that the nucleus is filled with intermingling chromatin fibers and loops like a dish of spaghetti, an assumption widely reflected by textbooks of cell biology.…”

Section: Origin Of the Chromosome Territory Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Territories

Cremer¹,

Cremer²

2010

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

997

813

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Chromosome territories (CTs) constitute a major feature of nuclear architecture. In a brief statement, the possible contribution of nuclear architecture studies to the field of epigenomics is considered, followed by a historical account of the CT concept and the final compelling experimental evidence of a territorial organization of chromosomes in all eukaryotes studied to date. Present knowledge of nonrandom CT arrangements, of the internal CT architecture, and of structural interactions with other CTs is provided as well as the dynamics of CT arrangements during cell cycle and postmitotic terminal differentiation. The article concludes with a discussion of open questions and new experimental strategies to answer them.

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Section: Origin Of the Chromosome Territory Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome Territories

Cremer¹,

Cremer²

2010

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

997

813

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show abstract

“…Accordingly, extremely different types of arrangements of such a fiber can theoretically be envisaged. More importantly, electron microscopic studies of cell nuclei had failed to distinguish individual chromosome domains [94,95]. Unequivocal evidence for the existence of a territorial interphase chromosome Organization in somatic mammalian cell nuclei was provided by laser microbeam studies [96][97][98] and more recently by in situ hybridization experiments.…”

Section: Nuclear Topographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genes and chromosomes by nonisotopic in situ hybridization

Lichter

Boyle

Cremer

et al. 1991

Genetic Analysis: Biomolecular Engineering

224

102

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“…So far a direct observation of interphase chromosome territories has been limited to interphase polytene nuclei (Sedat and Manuelidis 1978;Agard and Sedat 1983). In fact, Wischnitzer (1973) reviewing the scanty results of electron Offprint requests to: M. Schardin, Institut ffir Anthropologie und Humangenetik, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, D-6900 Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany microscopy studies came to the opposite conclusion that these studies had "established that discrete interphase chromosomes are absent". The reasons for this uncertainty are twofold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific staining of human chromosomes in Chinese hamster x man hybrid cell lines demonstrates interphase chromosome territories

Schardin¹,

Cremer²,

Hager³

et al. 1985

Hum Genet

222

132

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Summary. In spite of Carl Rabl's (1885) and Theodor Boveri's (1909) early hypothesis that chromosomes occupy discrete territories or domains within the interphase nucleus, evidence in favor pf this hypothesis has been limited and indirect so far in higher plants and animals. The alternative possibility that the chromatin fiber of single chromosomes might be extended throughout the major part of even the whole interphase nucleus has been considered for many years. In the latter case, chromosomes would only exist as discrete chromatin bodies during mitosis but not during interphase. Both possibilities are compatible with Boveri's well established paradigm of chromosome individuality. Here we show that an active human X chromosome contained as the only human chromosome in a Chinese hamster x man hybrid cell line can be visualized both in metaphse plates and in interphase nuclei after in situ hybridization with either 3H-or biotin-labeled human genomic DNA. We demonstrate that this chromosome is organized as a distinct chromatin body throughout interphase. In addition, evidence for the territorial organization of human chromosomes is also presented for another hybrid cell line containing several autosomes and the human X chromosome. These findings are discussed in the context of our present knowledge of the organization and topography of interphase chromosomes. General applications of a strategy aimed at specific staining of individual chromosomes in experimental and clinical cytogenetics are briefly considered.

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The Submicroscopic Morphology of the Interphase Nucleus

Cited by 47 publications

References 99 publications

Chromosome Territories

Chromosome Territories

Analysis of genes and chromosomes by nonisotopic in situ hybridization

Specific staining of human chromosomes in Chinese hamster x man hybrid cell lines demonstrates interphase chromosome territories

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